Eduards Kalniņš

Eduards Kalniņš (December 31, 1876 – June 28, 1964) was a Latvian general. He participated in the Russo-Japanese War and in the Latvian War of Independence. He was Minister of Defence of Latvia in 1926 and 1928 and was recipient of the Latvian military Order of Lāčplēsis, 2nd and 3rd class,[1] and the Estonian Cross of Liberty.

Eduards Kalniņš
Born(1876-12-31)December 31, 1876
Plātere parish, Russian Empire
DiedJune 28, 1964(1964-06-28) (aged 87)
Hollywood, United States[1]
Allegiance
Service/branchArmy (artillery)
Years of service
  • 1894—1918
  • 1919—1935
RankGeneral (1925)
Wars
AwardsOrder of Lāčplēsis (II and III class), Cross of Liberty (I/2) etc.
Other workPolitician

Biography

Born in Plātere parish (Russian Empire), in a farmer's family. Graduated Plātere Elementary School and Riga City Catherine School.

In 1894 Kalniņš joined St. Peterburg's Artillery Academy, graduating in 1900. After graduation he was sent to the Kaunas artillery base. At the Michail Artillery Academy he passed an exam for the podporuchik rank. After that he served at the Novogeorgievsk fortress. In 1904 he was sent to Kwantung. He participated in the Russo-Japanese War and served at the Port Arthur naval base. During service Kalniņš was shell-shocked, wounded several times wounded and captured. In 1906 he returned from captivity and was sent to Krepost Sveaborg (near Helsinki), where he served until 1918.

On January 17, 1919, he voluntarily joined the Latvian Army. In February he was appointed as the North Latvian Brigade's artillery commander. He participated in battles against the Baltische Landeswehr units near Cēsis and Jugla. On July 15, 1919 Kalniņš was appointed commander of the Army Department of Artillery and the Commander-in-Chief headquarter's deputy commander.[2] He was promoted to colonel. From July 18, 1919 to October 18, 1919 he was transferred to post of commander of main army's artillery department.

Kalniņš was a signer of the Latvian–Soviet Peace Treaty. In 1925 he was promoted to general. Between 1926 and 1928 he was Ministers of Defence of Latvia. From 1928 to 1935 he was an inspector of artillery. In 1935 Kalniņš retired from the army.

In 1944, before the Soviet Union occupied the country, he went to Sweden. In 1954 Kalniņš moved to Hollywood, where on June 28, 1965 he died.

gollark: The `macro` decorator should, I don't know, make the function you decorate with it into a decorator which applies to functions, reads their source, parses their AST, and feed it to the function you originally decorated.
gollark: Also, make a `macro` decorator.
gollark: You have destroyed us all.
gollark: I guess so.
gollark: Any object with`__call__`.

See also

References
  1. Priedītis, Ērichs Ēriks (1996). Latvijas Valsts apbalvojumi un Lāčplēši (in Latvian). Riga: Junda. ISBN 9984-01-020-1. OCLC 38884671.
  2. Biography in Order of Lāčplēsis home page (in Latvian)
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.