Eduard von Pestel

Eduard von Pestel (18 May 1821, Münster – 24 March 1908 Wiesbaden) was a Prussian generalleutnant. He is best known for his defense of Saarbrücken and Sankt Johann before and during the Battle of Saarbrücken on 2 August 1870, the first major engagement of the Franco-Prussian War. Regarded as a war hero by the local population, he was made an honorary citizen of Saarbrücken and Sankt Johann.

Generalleutnant

Eduard von Pestel
Nickname(s)Hero of Saarbrücken
Born(1821-05-18)18 May 1821
Münster, Prussia
Died24 March 1908(1908-03-24) (aged 86)
Wiesbaden, Germany
Buried
Ehrental Cemetery, Saarbrücken, Germany
Allegiance
Branch
Years of service1838 – ?
RankGeneralleutnant
Commands held7th Uhlan Regiment
Battles/wars
Awards
Spouse(s)Julie Eichhorn
Uhlan memorial in Saarbrücken′s Staden recreational area.

Biography

Ancestry

Pestel was born at Münster on 18 May 1821, a grandson of the Prussian Chamber Councillor Christoph Heinrich von Pestel (1736–1794), whose appointment as director of the County of Mark′s War and Domain Chamber in 1787 elevated the family to the status of nobility. Eduard von Pestel′s father was the government councilor Georg von Pestel (1783–1846), and his mother was Sabine Melusine Wilhelmine Magdalene Christiane, born Countess of Hardenberg (1781–1850).

Military career

After joining the Prussian Army as an officer candidate, Pestel first passed the Portepee Ensign examination. He joined the 11th Hussar Regiment as an ensign in 1838. In 1849 he participed in the Second Schleswig War. He was promoted to rittmeister in 1856. In 1866 he took part in the Austro-Prussian War and became a staff officer in the 7th Westphalian Dragoon Regiment. In 1869 he took command of the 7th Uhlan Regiment.

The 7th Uhlan Regiment was stationed in Saarbrücken at the beginning of the Franco-Prussian War on 19 July 1870. A week later, on 26 July 1870, Pestel was promoted from major to Oberstleutnant (lieutenant colonel). In overall command of a combined force only 900 men of his regiment and the 40th Regiment of the Prussian 16th Division and without artillery support, he succeeded with the active participation of the city population in presenting the appearance of a secure defensive position that discouraged his 20,000-strong French opponent from attempting to take Saarbrücken for 14 days. After the French did take the city on 2 August 1870, they quickly retreated, sparing the civilian population from pillage. Pestel gained local fame for his defense of Saarbrücken and was given the popular title "Hero of Saarbrücken". As a thank you, he was made an honorary citizen of Saarbrücken in 1896.

On 6 September 1870, Pestel and his 7th Uhlan Regiment redeployed to Metz to take part in the ongoing Siege of Metz. On 27 November 1870, he participated in the Battle of Amiens near Amiens, France, seeing action near Longpré-les-Corps-Saints. The Franco-Prussian War ended in January 1871.

Pestel′s grave in the Ehrental Cemetery in the German-French Garden in Saarbrücken, Germany.

Pestel received a promotion to oberst (colonel) on 18 August 1871. In 1874 he relinquished command of the 7th Uhlan Regiment and was transferred to Wiesbaden. After completing his tour of duty there, he retired and was placed on the reserve list. While retired in reserve, he was promoted to generalleutnant (lieutenant general) in 1890.

Personal life

Von Pestel married Julie Eichhorn in July 1862. The couple had a son and three daughters. He was a member of the Düsseldorf Masonic Lodge "Zu den drei Verbündeten" ("To the three allies").

Death

Von Pestel died at Wiesbaden on 24 March 1908. His grave is in the Ehrental military cemetery in Saarbrücken, today part of the German-French Garden.

Awards and honors

Commemoration

A portrait monument to Pestel was unveiled in Saarbrücken's Ehrental cemetery on 25 March 1910.

The Pestelstrasse (Pestel Street) in Saarbrücken's Alt-Saarbrücken district was named after Pestel.

Großherzog-Friedrich-Straße (Archduke Frederick Street), located in the Sankt Johann district of Saarbrücken, was named after Archduke Frederick, the namesake of the 7th Uhlan Regiment, which Pestel commanded in the Battle of Saarbrücken.

gollark: You can postpone mine. I like game theory.
gollark: I mean, Scratch less so.
gollark: Another somewhat problematic thing with Scratch (and the government here's "micro:bits", small single board computers which connect via USB and have a 5x5 LED matrix and a bunch of pins, and which they gave out to all students in my year a while back) is that they end up implying to you that you can only program things on dedicated special environments.
gollark: I think my suggested things would be more actually-useful to people.
gollark: <@241757436720054273> I guess Scratch may teach that a bit (though often you'll just be made to blindly follow a tutorial for "learn to code" stuff) but it doesn't teach it very *well* because it's generally lacking in useful constructs.

References

Bibliography
  • Rolf Straubel, Biographisches Handbuch der preußischen Verwaltungs- und Justizbeamten 1740–1806/15 in Historische Kommission zu Berlin (Hrsg.): Einzelveröffentlichungen. 85. K. G. Saur Verlag, München 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9, p. 724] (in German)
  • Geschichte des 2. Westfälischen-Husaren-Regiments Nr. 11 und seiner Stammtruppen, Part 3, p. 372 (in German)
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