Drosophila testacea species group

The Drosophila testacea species group belongs to the Immigrans-tripunctata radiation of the subgenus Drosophila, and contains 4 species: Drosophila putrida, Drosophila neotestacea, Drosophila testacea, and Drosophila orientacea. [1] Testacea species are specialist mushroom-feeding flies, and can metabolize toxic compounds in Amanita mushrooms.[2] The Testacea species group is studied for its specialist ecology, population genetics, and bacterial endosymbionts. The North American species Drosophila neotestacea is perhaps the best-studied of the group for its interactions with parasitic wasps and nematodes, bacterial endosymbionts, and trypanosomatid parasites.[3][4][5] Of note, selfish X chromosomes (a form of meiotic drive) have been discovered in three of the four Testacea group species.[6][7]

Drosophila testacea species group
Drosophila neotestacea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Diptera
Family:	Drosophilidae
Subfamily:	Drosophilinae
Genus:	Drosophila
Subgenus:	Drosophila (subgenus)
Species group:	Testacea
species
Drosophila putrida Drosophila neotestacea Drosophila testacea Drosophila orientacea

Testacea species are commonly found in association with members of the Drosophila Quinaria species group due to their shared mushroom-feeding life history.[8]

Systematics

The Testacea species group is a phylogenetically concise lineage consisting of 4 species. The closest outgroup of Testacea species is the Drosophila bizonata species group.[9][10]

	Drosophila quinaria species group
	Drosophila cardini species group      Drosophila tripunctata species group              Drosophila bizonata species group            Drosophila putrida          Drosophila neotestacea          Drosophila orientacea        Drosophila testacea

Gallery

• 
  A D. neotestacea female
• 
  A D. neotestacea female on the gills of a mushroom
• 
  A D. neotestacea female on the gills of a mushroom
• 
  A D. testacea male
• 
  A D. testacea male on the gills of a mushroom
• 
  A D. testacea male on the gills of a mushroom

Further reading

• Drosophila neotestacea
• Drosophila quinaria species group
• Spiroplasma poulsonii
• Howardula aoronymphium

References

1. Grimaldi, James, and Jaenike. 1992. Systematics and Modes of Reproductive Isolation in the Holarctic Drosophila testacea Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae). https://academic.oup.com/aesa/article/85/6/671/2759036
2. Jaenike, 1978. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1938245
3. Jaenike et al. 2010. http://science.sciencemag.org/content/329/5988/212
4. Haselkorn and Jaenike, 2016. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/mec.13261
5. Hamilton, Phineas T.; Votýpka, Jan; Dostálová, Anna; Yurchenko, Vyacheslav; Bird, Nathan H.; Lukeš, Julius; Lemaitre, Bruno; Perlman, Steve J. (2015). "Infection Dynamics and Immune Response in a Newly Described Drosophila-Trypanosomatid Association". mBio. 6 (5): e01356-15. doi:10.1128/mBio.01356-15. PMC 4600116. PMID 26374124.
6. Pieper and Dyer. 2016. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jeb.12948
7. Keais et al. 2017. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jeb.13089
8. Scott Chialvo, C. H.; White, B. E.; Reed, L. K.; Dyer, K. A. (January 2019). "A phylogenetic examination of host use evolution in the quinaria and testacea groups of Drosophila". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 130: 233–243. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.10.027. PMC 6327841. PMID 30366088.
9. Perlman, Steve J.; Jaenike, John (2003). "Infection Success in Novel Hosts: An Experimental and Phylogenetic Study of Drosophila-Parasitic Nematodes". Evolution. 57 (3): 544–57. doi:10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb01546.x. PMID 12703944.
10. Scott Chialvo, C. H.; White, B. E.; Reed, L. K.; Dyer, K. A. (January 2019). "A phylogenetic examination of host use evolution in the quinaria and testacea groups of Drosophila". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 130: 233–243. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.10.027. PMC 6327841. PMID 30366088.