Donald Gregory

Donald Gregory (1803–1836) was a Scottish historian and antiquarian, who published a valuable history of the Western Highlands and Isles of Scotland.

Origins
10 Ainslie Place, Edinburgh

Gregory was a younger son of Dr James Gregory (1753–1821), a leading Scottish physician, by his second wife Isabella Macleod (1772–1847), and was one of no fewer than eleven children. His twin brother, William Gregory, was a notable chemist. His grandfather, John Gregory (1724–1773), was a notable physician and moralist and his grandfather’s grandfather, James Gregory (1638–1675) was a mathematician and astronomer. Gregory was accordingly born into Scottish academic purple.

Donald lived at the family home of 10 Ainslie Place in the Moray Estate in Edinburgh for all of his later life.

Career
The Gregory grave, Canongate Churchyard, Edinburgh

Gregory became joint secretary to the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland in 1828 and sole secretary in 1830.[1] He was also secretary to the Iona Club (devoted to the history, antiquities and early literature of the Scottish Highlands and publishers of the Collectanea de Rebus Albanicis), an honorary member of the Ossianic Society of Glasgow and of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne, and a member of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of the North at Copenhagen.[2]

In 1831, the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland published Gregory’s Historical Notices of the Clan Gregor, at the outset of which he noted that

The total want of private papers and title-deeds connected with the different branches of this family … and the defective state of the earlier records of Scotland, in relation more especially to the Highlands, have made this investigation no easy task.

Gregory’s attachment to contemporary documentary evidence was remarkable for his time. The Edinburgh Literary Journal described his work as “the first instance on record of a trustworthy history of a Highland clan resting upon contemporary evidence”.[3]

In the year before his death, Gregory published his most substantial and famous work, a History of the Western Highlands and Isles of Scotland from AD 1493 to AD 1625. Nearly 170 years later, a historian of the same period commented that his views on Highland history “still command respect”.[4]

In his preface, Gregory explained why he had chosen to focus only on the Western part of the Highlands, describing its separate development and observing:

...during a great portion of the period I have endeavoured to illustrate, the Western Clans had a common object which frequently united them in hostility to the government. In this way, the measures employed at first for their coercion, and afterwards for their advancement in civilization, came naturally to be separate from those directed to the subjugation (if I may use the phrase) and improvement of the Eastern tribes.

He attributed his focus on the years between 1493 and 1625 to the sparseness of previous historical treatment of the period - describing it "as nearly as possible a perfect blank" - and added:

...when I discovered that our national records and other sources of authentic information were full of interesting and important matter bearing upon this portion of the history of the West Highlands and Isles, I no longer hesitated.

Gregory also found time to interest himself in such diverse matters as the skulls of ancient druids,[5] the history of archery in Scotland,[3] the history of Clan Chattan[6] and the life of Bishop Carswell.[7]

He was called as an authority on historical manuscripts and a hand-writing expert by the pursuers who successfully alleged forgery in the Stirling Peerage Case.[8]

Gregory died in Edinburgh on 21 October 1836.[9]

He is buried in the family plot with his siblings and next to his parents in the south-west corner of Canongate Churchyard, immediately next to the grave of Adam Smith. The specific grave also contains his brother Dr James Crawford Gregory.

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References
  1. Sellar, William David Hamilton (2001). "William Forbes Skene (1809–92): historian of Celtic Scotland" (pdf). Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 131: 3–21.
  2. William Anderson, The Scottish Nation, Volume II (A. Fullarton & Co, Edinburgh, 1867), at page 380
  3. The Edinburgh Literary Journal (January 1831 – June 1831), at page 365
  4. Julian Goodare, the Government of Scotland, 1560-1625 (Oxford University Press, 2004), at page 229
  5. The Phrenological journal and miscellany, Volume IX (1836), at page 86
  6. Charles Fraser Mackintosh, Address on the History of Clan Chattan (1895), at page 12
  7. Robert Wodrow, Collections upon the Lives of the Reformers and Most Eminent Ministers of the Church of Scotland (Glasgow, 1834) at page xiii
  8. William Turnbull (ed), Trial of Alexander Humphrys or Alexander, styling himself Earl of Stirling (William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, 1839), at page vi
  9. The Annual Register (London, 1837), Appendix to Chronicle, at page 215
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