Diasporus gularis

Diasporus gularis, also known as the Esmeraldas robber frog, is a species of frog in the family Eleutherodactylidae. It is found in western Colombia (Córdoba Department in the north through Antioquia and Chocó Departments to the Valle del Cauca, Cauca, and Nariño Departments in the southwest) and northwestern and central Ecuador (Esmeraldas, Imbabura, and Chimborazo Provinces).[2][3][4]

Diasporus gularis

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Eleutherodactylidae
Genus: Diasporus
Species:
D. gularis
Binomial name
Diasporus gularis
(Boulenger, 1898)
Synonyms[2]

Hylodes gularis Boulenger, 1898
Eleutherodactylus gularis (Boulenger, 1898)
Hyloxalus huigrae Fowler, 1913

Description

Adult males measure 17–22 mm (0.7–0.9 in) and adult females 21–25 mm (0.8–1.0 in) in snout–vent length.[5] The head is as wide as the body and longer than it is wide. The snout is long, and subacuminate in dorsal view, and truncate in lateral view. The tympanum has its upper edge hidden by the low, poorly-defined supra-tympanic fold. The fingers have weak lateral keels and small discs. The toes are basally webbed and have lanceolate discs. Dorsal skin is smooth but may have low tubercles in some specimens. The dorsum is yellowish-tan with yellow flanks. There are some reddish brown dorsal markings: an inter-orbital bar, narrow canthal and broader post-orbital stripes, as well as smaller markings in the scapular region and on the shanks. The iris is golden bronze and has a reddish-brown horizontal streak.[6]

The male advertisement call is a "whistle", consisting of a single tonal note lasting about 0.11 seconds and produced at a rate of 5.2 calls/minute. The call has four harmonics and a peak frequency of 2.7–3.0 kHz.[7]

Habitat and conservation

Diasporus gularis is a very common frog occurring in both primary forest and disturbed habitats, including deforested areas,[1] at elevations up to 1,770 m (5,810 ft) above sea level[3] but mostly below 400 m (1,300 ft). It is much more common in secondary, degraded vegetation than in primary forests. This adaptable species occurs also in many protected areas and is not facing significant threats.[1]

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References
  1. Castro, F.; Ron, S.; Coloma, L.A.; Grant, T. & Morales, M. (2010). "Diasporus gularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T56640A11512166. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-2.RLTS.T56640A11512166.en.
  2. Frost, Darrel R. (2016). "Diasporus gularis (Boulenger, 1898)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 30 December 2017.
  3. Acosta Galvis, A. R. & Cuentas, D. (2017). "Diasporus gularis (Boulenger, 1898)". Lista de los Anfibios de Colombia V.07.2017.0. www.batrachia.com. Retrieved 30 December 2017.
  4. Read, M.; Ron, S. R. & Pazmiño-Armijos, G. (2016). Ron, S. R.; Yanez-Muñoz, M. H.; Merino-Viteri, A. & Ortiz, D. A. (eds.). "Hyloxalus mystax". AmphibiaWebEcuador. Version 2018.0. Museo de Zoología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ). Retrieved 30 December 2017.
  5. Lynch, John D. (2001). "Three new rainfrogs of the Eleutherodactylus diastema group from Colombia and Panamá". Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. 25 (95): 287–297.
  6. Lynch, J. D. & Duellman, W. E. (1997). "Frogs of the genus Eleutherodactylus in western Ecuador. Systematics, ecology, and biogeography". Special Publication, Natural History Museum, University of Kansas. 23: 1–236.
  7. Toro-Sánchez, Tatiana & Bernal-Bautista, Manuel Hernando (2015). "The advertisement call of Diasporus gularis and D. tinker from the Pacific Region of Colombia". South American Journal of Herpetology. 10 (2): 116–120. doi:10.2994/SAJH-D-14-00041.1.
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