Death of Sohrabuddin Sheikh

The Sohrab Uddin Sheikh encounter case was a criminal case in the Gujarat state of India, after the death of Sohrabuddin Anwarhussain Sheikh on November 26, 2005. A special CBI court acquitted all the 22 accused in the case in the alleged encounter killing of Sohrabuddin Sheikh and his wife.[1][2]

According to claims,[3] Sheikh was also claimed by the police to be associated with the banned global terrorist organization Lashkar-e-Taiba and the Pakistani intelligence agency Inter-Services Intelligence, and was alleged to have planned to create communal chaos in the state by assassinating, "an important political leader".[3][4] Sheikh's wife Kauser Bi also disappeared on the same day as his killing. A year later, on December 26, 2006, Sheikh's associate Tulsiram Prajapati, a witness to Sheikh's killing, was also killed in another police encounter shooting.[5]

Sheikh was alleged by the police to be extorting protection money from local marble factories in Gujarat and Rajasthan.[5] He was also claimed to have links to fellow underworld criminals Sharifkhan Pathan, Abdul Latif, Rasool Parti and Brajesh Singh, who were all members and associates of India's largest organized crime network and underworld mafia operated by Dawood Ibrahim.[3][4][5] During investigations before he was arrested, the Anti-Terror Squad (ATS) of the Gujarat police claimed to have found 40 AK-47 assault rifles from his village residence in Madhya Pradesh.[6]


Cases against Sohrabuddin Sheikh

Sohrabuddin Sheikh was accused of possessing 40 AK-47 assault rifles that were recovered from his house in Jharania village of Ujjain district in 1995.[6] At the time of his killing, he also had more than 60 pending cases against him, ranging from extorting protection money from marble factories in Gujarat and Rajasthan, to arms smuggling in Madhya Pradesh, to murder cases both in Gujarat and Rajasthan. According to the police, Sheikh was an underworld criminal with links to the Sharifkhan Pathan alias Chhota Dawood and Abdul Latif gangs, and with Rasool Parti and Brajesh Singh, both known to be close to India's underworld kingpin Dawood Ibrahim.[3][7] To escape the police, Sheikh fled with his family from Gujarat to the city of Hyderabad in the state of Telangana.

Encounter

On November 23, 2005, Sohrabuddin Sheikh was traveling on a public bus with his wife, Kauser Bi, from Hyderabad to Sangli, Maharashtra. At 01:30 am, the Gujarat police ATS stopped the bus and took them away.[8] Kauser wanted to stay with her husband, but was taken to a Disha farmhouse outside Ahmedabad instead.

Three days later, Sheikh was killed in an encounter on a highway at Vishala Circle near Ahmedabad. The report filed in the Supreme Court by the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) quotes a number of witnesses and builds up a narrative of the killing.[9]

Exposure and state investigations

The encounter killing was not exposed until a media report made a year later. This report, together with a petition filed in the Supreme Court by Sheikh's brother, led to investigations into the incident. In April 2007, senior state police officers were arrested for their connection to the case.

Media report and Supreme Court petition

The encounter killing was exposed after a few police inspectors boasted about it over drinks with journalist Prashant Dayal. Dayal conducted his own investigations at the farmhouse, and then at Illol, and ascertained that a burqa-clad woman had been cremated there. He then broke the story in November 2006, in the leading Gujarati newspaper, Divya Bhaskar,[10] and gave details of the encounter.

Meanwhile, Sheikh's brother Rubabuddin petitioned the Supreme Court claiming that the Gujarat police had orchestrated the encounter and demanded to be given information on the location of his sister-in-law Kauser. In March 2007, the Supreme Court ordered the state Criminal Investigation Department to conduct a time-bound investigation. Inspector-General Geetha Johri was given the task of conducting the investigation, and was to report directly to the court. She gathered evidence that implicated the role of several police officers in the encounter. However, it has been claimed that she may have "steered clear of linking them to a political conspiracy".[11] Based on the evidence collected by Johri, DIG Police Rajnish Rai on April 24, 2007, arrested DIG (Border Range) D G Vanzara and Rajkumar Pandian, Superintendent of Police with the Intelligence Bureau, and M.N. Dinesh of Rajasthan police, who is alleged to have been working at the behest of the marble lobby.[12]

The Supreme Court asked the Gujarat government to place before it the inquiry reports prepared by Johri, which had allegedly said that Sheikh was killed in an encounter killing. Johri was removed from the investigation after this report was published.[13] On May 3, 2007, the court asked the government whether Johri had been dismissed from the investigation so that a further probe would not be carried out, and directed it to submit a final report on May 15, the day it will give the final order.[14]

Inspector General's report

In Part B of the report, Johri recorded facts relating to repeated attempts by the accused police officers and Amit Shah to sabotage the Supreme Court mandated enquiry. The report states that Shah "brought to bear pressure" on the enquiry process, with the result that Ms. Johri was directed to suspend the enquiry and the enquiry papers were taken away from her "under the guise of scrutiny." Johri also records that Shah even "directed Shri G.C. Raigar, Additional Director General of Police, CID (Crime & Railways) to provide him with the list of witnesses, both police and private, who are yet to be contacted by CID (Crime) for recording their statement in the said enquiry."[15]

The government was asked by the court to give the reason for Johri's removal from the case on May 15.[16] Not finding the Gujarat government's explanations satisfactory, the bench of Justices Tarun Chatterjee and P.K. Balasubramanyam ruled that Johri would report directly to the Supreme Court. She was reinstated in the same position and also asked to head the case.[17]

Allegations of involvement in Haren Pandya murder

The newspaper DNA, citing sources in the Gujarat State Police, reported in August 2011 that Sohrabuddin and Tulsiram may have been "used to kill Haren Pandya",[18] the erstwhile BJP leader who was once close to Narendra Modi. The murder remains unsolved[19] after 12 people arrested for it were released in what the high court called a "botched up and blinkered" investigation.[20] According to the DNA report, Sohrabuddin was initially given the task but he back-pedalled and the murder was eventually executed by Tulsiram. The encounter killings of Sohrabuddin and Tulsiram were a result of unease among the conspirators:

However, the alleged conspirators at whose behest Pandya was killed began to lose confidence in Sohrabuddin and Tulsiram and, eventually, their equations began to worsen, the source said.[18]

A similar charge has been made by ex-IPS officer Sanjiv Bhatt, who discovered evidence for Sohrabuddin and Tulsiram's involvement and forwarded it to Amit Shah, who sounded "very disturbed over the telephone" and asked him "not to speak about it to anyone".[21] Bhatt followed this up with a letter to Shah detailing the "involvement of Sohrabuddin and some policemen in the murder".

Bhatt was subsequently suspended from the Gujarat police.

D.G. Vanzara, ex-IPS who had originally investigated the Pandya murder,[22] and is currently out on bail after being jailed on charges of coordinating the Sohrabuddin and Tulsiram encounters, told the CBI in Sept 2013 that about the role of Sohrabuddin in Pandya's murder.

CBI enquiry

Despite the detailed nature of the Johri report, the Supreme Court felt impelled, given the allegations of involvement by senior politicians, that the case should be transferred to the Central Bureau of Investigation for investigation. Since 2007, the Gujarat government had strongly resisted these attempts.[15][23] The CBI took help of T D Dogra of AIIMS New Delhi and Forensic experts of Central Forensic Science Laboratory New Delhi in Forensic investigations.[24]

Media pressure began building up, with calls from organizations such as Amnesty International.[25] Eventually, on 12 January 2010, the Supreme Court observed that "the facts surrounding Prajapati's death evokes strong suspicion that a deliberate attempt was made to destroy a human witness".[26] The court then directed the CBI to take over the probe.

Subsequently, the CBI arrested senior Gujarat police officer Abhay Chudasama, who was charged with extortion in partnership with Sheikh.[27] After Chudasama's arrest, the CBI also charged the now ex-home minister Shah with collusion.[9]

Suspicion of political interference intensified after the evidence handed over to the CBI from the state investigations showed that 331 phone calls by Shah to the concerned police officers had been deleted from the records.[28] After media reports revealed the original records of calls from Shah to Vanzara and other police officers executing the killings, the CBI acquired the original records, and ex-police chief O.P. Mathur, who was then Director of Raksha Shakti University, was indicted for deleting evidence.[28] Shah was subsequently named as the "prime accused" in the case.[29]

A CBI witness also claimed that they were paid Rs. 10 crores by R.K. Patni, the owner of RK marbles who was acquainted with Indian National Congress leaders,[30] to eliminate Sheikh.[31] But BJP MLAs Gulab Chand Kataria and Om Prakash Mathur from the neighbouring state of Rajasthan also got named in the case. Kataria, who visited Gujarat to lobby for the release of Rajasthan police officer Dinesh M.N. in 2007,[12] denied all charges.[32] On September 1, IPS Officer D G Vanzara resigned, blaming lack of interest shown by State Government in rescuing him and other Police officers jailed in Fake encounter cases.[33] Dineshsh M. N. was granted bail in May 2014. He had served seven years in jail due to cases.[34]

The Special Court had discharged Amit Shah from the case due to lack of evidence in December 2014.[34]

D. G. Vanzara and Dinesh M. N. were acquitted in August 2017 due to lack of evidence.[34]

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See also

References
  1. "Sohrabuddin Encounter Case: All 22 accused acquitted". The Times of India. 21 December 2018. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  2. "Sohrabuddin Shaikh encounter case verdict LIVE: All 22 accused acquitted of all charges". The Indian Express. 21 December 2018. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  3. "Criminal sent by LeT, ISI to kill Gujarat leader shot dead". news.outlookindia.com. 2005-11-26. Archived from the original on 2013-01-31. Retrieved 2012-11-28.
  4. "Terrorism Update". Satp.org. 2005-11-27. Archived from the original on 2014-12-20. Retrieved 2012-11-28.
  5. "Sohrabuddin case: Traders claim senior cops extorted money", timesofindia.indiatimes.com, July 25, 2010, webpage: TI976.
  6. "City Crime Branch gets Dawood gang member on transit warrant". Indian Express. 2010-09-30. Retrieved 2012-11-28.
  7. "'Sohrabuddin was aide of Haren Pandya murder plotter' - India - DNA". Dnaindia.com. 2010-08-08. Retrieved 2012-11-28.
  8. Who was Sohrabuddin Sheikh?. Ndtv.com (2010-07-23). Retrieved 2010-08-29.
  9. Encounter: how Sohrabuddin Sheikh was killed. Hindustan Times (2007-05-02). Retrieved 2010-08-29.
  10. "Rickshaw driver -journalist behind Gujarat arrests". rediff.com.
  11. Who is Geeta Johri?. Ndtv.com (2010-07-30). Retrieved 2010-08-29.
  12. Other States / Rajasthan News : Kataria denies any role in Sohrabuddin case. The Hindu. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
  13. Kauser Bi killed, body burnt; Gujarat govt to SC
  14. Gujarat encounter: SC order on May 15
  15. "Geetha Johri report speaks of "collusion of State government"". The Hindu. 2007-05-05. Retrieved 2007-05-12.
  16. Gujarat encounter probe in right direction: SC. Rediff.com (2004-12-31). Retrieved 2010-08-29.
  17. SC rejects CBI inquiry. Expressindia.com (2007-05-17). Retrieved 2010-08-29.
  18. "Was it Tulsiram Prajapati who killed Haren Pandya?". DNA (newspaper). August 30, 2011. Retrieved 2013-09-30.
  19. "Haren Pandya murder: Case shut, but mystery unsolved - Rediff.com India News". Rediff.com. Retrieved 2014-08-18.
  20. Sarim Naved (September 17, 2011). "The Haren Pandya Judgment: Dissection of a Botched Investigation". Economic and Political Weekly, Vol - XLVI No. 38. Retrieved 2013-09-30.
  21. D. P. Bhattacharya (August 31, 2011). "Tulsiram Prajapati killed Haren Pandya, says Sanjiv Bhatt". India Today.
  22. By VINOD K JOSE (March 2012). "The Emperor Uncrowned : The rise of Narendra Modi". Caravan magazine. Archived from the original on 2013-10-01. Retrieved 2013-09-30.
  23. "Centre for CBI enquiry into Gujarat encounters". Rediff.com. 2007-04-26. Retrieved 2007-05-12.
  24. "CBI reconstructs Tulsi Prajapati encounter". Zeenews.india.com. 9 July 2011. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
  25. India: A pattern of unlawful killings by the Gujarat police: Urgent need for effective investigations
  26. Supreme Court assigns Sohrabuddin case to CBI. Ndtv.com. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
  27. Abhay, Sohrab had 75:25 partnership in extortion business
  28. "Another top cop under scanner for erasing Amit Shah reference in CD". indianexpress.com.
  29. India's Independent Weekly News Magazine Archived 2011-02-03 at the Wayback Machine. Tehelka. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
  30. Sohrabuddin case: Congress red-faced too - Politics - Politics News - ibnlive. Ibnlive.in.com (2010-02-03). Retrieved 2010-08-29.
  31. 'Rs 10 crore paid to ministers, cops to kill Sohrabuddin'. Ndtv.com (2010-07-31). Retrieved 2010-08-29.
  32. Ex-Minister denies being paid for Sohrabuddin encounter. Indianexpress.com (2010-08-01). Retrieved 2010-08-29.
  33. "The Resignation Letter of D G Vanzara, Gujarat IPS Officer". Retrieved 2013-09-03.
  34. "DG Vanzara discharged: Former Gujarat cop cleared in Sohrabuddin encounter case due to lack of evidence". Firstpost. 2017-08-02. Archived from the original on 2017-08-02. Retrieved 2017-08-02.
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