Dannebroge

The Dannebroge was a Dano-Norwegian ship-of-the-line that exploded and sunk October 4, 1710, during the Great Northern War. Almost all of its crew of 600 were killed, one thirds of the victims were Norwegians.

Backornament of Dannebroge
History
Royal Danish Navy
Name: Dannebroge
Namesake: Dannebrogen
Builder: H Span[1]
Launched: 1692
Fate: Exploded and sunk, 4 October 1710
General characteristics
Type: Ship of the line
Complement: 600
Armament:
  • In 1710:
  • 20 × 8-pounder bronze cannon
  • 22 × 14-pounder cannon
  • 26 × 24-pounder cannon
  • 4 × 4-pounder cannon
  • 4 × 14-pounder iron howitzers[2]

History

Construction
Plan drawing

Dannebroge was built in 1692 and she was the largest ship-of-the-line in the Dano-Norwegian navy at that time with her 84 cannons placed on two decks and a crew of 600 men.[3] She was also the first ship in Denmark that was built according to a plan drawing.

The final battle

In 1710 Denmark–Norway was at war with Sweden. The Norwegian-born commander, Ivar Huitfeldt, was in charge of Dannebroge on October 4, 1710. Along with a Dano-Norwegian fleet of 44 other ships he had set sail for Liepāja (in modern Latvia). The mission was to escort 6,000 Russian troops to the Danish capital of Copenhagen, so they could support Denmark–Norway during the Great Northern War against the Swedes.[4]

However, the fleet was intercepted by a Swedish fleet in the Battle of Køge Bay. According to the commander in chief of the Dano-Norwegian navy, Ulrik Christian Gyldenløve, the fire on Dannebroge was probably ignited by her own cannons. Gyldenløve mentions this in his letter to the king.[5] Gyldenløve followed the battle from his ship Elephanten and wrote the letter at about 9 o'clock in the morning of October 5. It is unclear how many of the 600 men survived the explosion: some sources say three and others say nine.

The wreck
The Langelinie Promenade with the Dannebroge monument.

Today Dannebroge is the only wreck within Danish sea territory, where it is forbidden to dive. The official Danish institution of cultural heritage, Kulturarvsstyrelsen, considers it to be a cemetery.[6]

Some cannons were salvaged in 1714; others were salvaged in 1875 by the company Svitzer, which also searched for other objects that could be sold at an auction.[2] Some of the cannons were later used by Danish architect Vilhelm Dahlerup, who made a monument for Dannebroge, which today can be found at Langelinie in Copenhagen.

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References
  1. Danish Naval Museum - Dannebroge
  2. "Undersøgelsehistorie". kulturarv.dk (in Danish). 2012. Retrieved 18 June 2012.
  3. iverhuitfeldt.dk. "Linieskibet DANNEBROGE 1692-1710" (in Danish). Archived from the original on 2010-10-09.
  4. Oliver Batchelor. "En søhelts blodige himmelfærd" (in Danish). Archived from the original on 2012-03-06.
  5. Ulrik Christian Gyldenløve, Count of Samsø. "Guldenlews raport til kongen" (in Danish).
  6. Kulturarvsstyrelsen. "Tyveri mod skibsvraget Dannebroge" (in Danish).

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