DARS (gene)

Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DARS gene.[5][6]

DARS1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4J15
Identifiers
Aliases	DARS1, HBSL, aspRS, aspartyl-tRNA synthetase, aspartyl-tRNA synthetase 1, DARS
External IDs	OMIM: 603084 MGI: 2442544 HomoloGene: 1032 GeneCards: DARS1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 2 (human)[1] Band 2q21.3 Start 135,905,881 bp[1] End 135,986,100 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 1 (mouse)[2] Band 1|1 E3 Start 128,363,707 bp[2] End 128,417,368 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • aspartate-tRNA ligase activity • aminoacyl-tRNA ligase activity • nucleotide binding • ligase activity • GO:0001948 protein binding • ATP binding • aminoacylase activity • nucleic acid binding • RNA binding Cellular component • extracellular exosome • membrane • cytoplasm • aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex • cytosol • synapse Biological process • tRNA aminoacylation for protein translation • protein biosynthesis • aspartyl-tRNA aminoacylation • macromolecular complex assembly Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	1615	226414
Ensembl	ENSG00000115866	ENSMUSG00000026356
UniProt	P14868	Q922B2
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001349 NM_001293312	NM_145507 NM_177445
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001280241 NP_001340	NP_663482 NP_803228
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 135.91 – 135.99 Mb	Chr 1: 128.36 – 128.42 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase (DARS) is part of a multienzyme complex of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Aspartyl-tRNA synthetase charges its cognate tRNA with aspartate during protein biosynthesis.[6]

Clinical significance

Mutations in DARS have been identified as the cause of leukoencephalopathy, hypomyelination with brain stem and spinal cord involvement and leg spasticity (HBSL).[7]

See also

• Aspartate-tRNA ligase

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000115866 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026356 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Jacobo-Molina A, Peterson R, Yang DC (Oct 1989). "cDNA sequence, predicted primary structure, and evolving amphiphilic helix of human aspartyl-tRNA synthetase". J Biol Chem. 264 (28): 16608–12. PMID 2674137.
6. "Entrez Gene: DARS aspartyl-tRNA synthetase".
7. Taft RJ, Vanderver A, Leventer RJ, Damiani SA, Simons C, Grimmond SM, Miller D, Schmidt J, Lockhart PJ, Pope K, Ru K, Crawford J, Rosser T, de Coo IF, Juneja M, Verma IC, Prabhakar P, Blaser S, Raiman J, Pouwels PJ, Bevova MR, Abbink TE, van der Knaap MS, Wolf NI (2013). "Mutations in DARS cause hypomyelination with brain stem and spinal cord involvement and leg spasticity". American Journal of Human Genetics. 92 (5): 774–780. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.04.006. PMC 3644624. PMID 23643384.

Further reading

• Norcum MT (1991). "Structural analysis of the high molecular mass aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex. Effects of neutral salts and detergents". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (23): 15398–405. PMID 1651330.
• Reed VS, Wastney ME, Yang DC (1995). "Mechanisms of the transfer of aminoacyl-tRNA from aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase to the elongation factor 1 alpha". J. Biol. Chem. 269 (52): 32932–6. PMID 7806521.
• Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
• Escalante C, Yang DC (1993). "Expression of human aspartyl-tRNA synthetase in Escherichia coli. Functional analysis of the N-terminal putative amphiphilic helix". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (8): 6014–23. PMID 8449960.
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
• Quevillon S, Robinson JC, Berthonneau E, et al. (1999). "Macromolecular assemblage of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases: identification of protein-protein interactions and characterization of a core protein". J. Mol. Biol. 285 (1): 183–95. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1998.2316. PMID 9878398.
• Rho SB, Kim MJ, Lee JS, et al. (1999). "Genetic dissection of protein-protein interactions in multi-tRNA synthetase complex". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 (8): 4488–93. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.8.4488. PMC 16359. PMID 10200289.
• Kang J, Kim T, Ko YG, et al. (2000). "Heat shock protein 90 mediates protein-protein interactions between human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (41): 31682–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M909965199. PMID 10913161.
• Sang Lee J, Gyu Park S, Park H, et al. (2002). "Interaction network of human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and subunits of elongation factor 1 complex". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 291 (1): 158–64. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2002.6398. PMID 11829477.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Cheong HK, Park JY, Kim EH, et al. (2004). "Structure of the N-terminal extension of human aspartyl-tRNA synthetase: implications for its biological function". Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 35 (11): 1548–57. doi:10.1016/S1357-2725(03)00070-0. PMID 12824064.
• Bouwmeester T, Bauch A, Ruffner H, et al. (2004). "A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B signal transduction pathway". Nat. Cell Biol. 6 (2): 97–105. doi:10.1038/ncb1086. PMID 14743216.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Bonnefond L, Fender A, Rudinger-Thirion J, et al. (2005). "Toward the full set of human mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases: characterization of AspRS and TyrRS". Biochemistry. 44 (12): 4805–16. doi:10.1021/bi047527z. PMID 15779907.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.
• Tu LC, Yan X, Hood L, Lin B (2007). "Proteomics analysis of the interactome of N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 and its interactions with the androgen response program in prostate cancer cells". Mol. Cell. Proteomics. 6 (4): 575–88. doi:10.1074/mcp.M600249-MCP200. PMID 17220478.