Cross Sound Ferry

Cross Sound Ferry is a passenger and road vehicle ferry service operating between New London, Connecticut and Orient on the North Fork of Long Island, New York.

Cross Sound Ferry
Block Island Express

MV John H offloading at Orient Point
Overview
Owner	John P. Wronowski, Adam Wronowski[1]
Area served	Long Island North Fork, Southeastern Connecticut, Block Island
Locale	Long Island Sound Block Island Sound
Transit type	Ferry
Headquarters	New London, Connecticut
Website	www.longislandferry.com www.goblockisland.com
Operation
Began operation	1975 (Cross Sound) 2004 (Block Island)[2]
Operator(s)	Cross Sound Ferry Services Block Island Ferry Services[3]
Number of vehicles	10 ferry vessels[4]
System map New London Block Island Orient

The service is privately owned and operated by Cross Sound Ferry Services, headquartered in New London and run by the Wronowski family, which also owns and operates the Block Island Express ferry service and the Thames Shipyard and Repair Company.[1]

Overview

Though there have been multiple proposals to bridge the Long Island Sound at various locations, but none have ever come to fruition. Therefore, Long Island motorists located east of the Throgs Neck Bridge heading toward Connecticut must first drive west into Queens, cross one of the three city bridges to the Bronx, and then drive east to reach New England destinations. This circuitous route could, at the extreme, add as much as 200 miles (320 km) to a trip between Long Island and New London, points north, or points east.[5] In addition to the saving in mileage, use of Cross Sound Ferry or its western competitor, the Bridgeport & Port Jefferson Ferry, drivers avoids heavy urban traffic in New York City and on Interstate 95 in Connecticut.[6]

The ferry serves over one million passengers annually,[7] about half of whom live on Long Island.[8]

The New London ferry terminal, which serves Cross Sound Ferry and Block Island Express, as viewed from across the Thames River

Cross Sound Ferry previously attempted to establish service between New London and East Hampton, on the South Fork of Long Island. A local ordinance passed by the Town of East Hampton in 1997 prohibits vehicle ferry service within the Town's borders and places limits on the speeds of both passenger vessels and road vehicles. Cross Sound Ferry filed a lawsuit against the town in 2004 to overturn the ruling, which was eventually dismissed.[9]

Cross Sound Ferry operates year-round with up to 32 daily departures with the lone exception of no service on December 25, Christmas Day.[10]

Sister companies

The Block Island Express, a high-speed passenger ferry service, operates out of the same New London ferry terminal and services Block Island (New Shoreham, Rhode Island).[11] The Thames Shipyard and Repair Company services both Cross Sound Ferry and Block Island Express vessels.[12] All three organizations share the 2 Ferry Street office at the New London terminal.

The three companies, as well as the Thames Towboat Company, are owned by John P. Wronowski and son, Adam Wronowski.[1]

Fleet

Cross Sound Ferry Services owns a fleet of seven traditional vehicle-passenger ferries, one high-speed passenger-only ferry, and two additional ferries cruises and charters. Vessels are retrofitted at Cross Sound's sister company, Thames Shipyard and Repair.[13] Block Island Ferry Services has one vessel, serviced at the same shipyard.[2]

Image	Vessel	Service began[4]	Type[4]	Notes
	Caribbean	1977	Freight/ROPAX	Built in 1972 by Blount Marine (Warren), formerly used for service in the West Indies[4]
	New London	1979	Freight/ROPAX	Built by Thames Shipyard (New London), first new-build vessel of the Cross Sound Ferry[4]
	Cape Henlopen	1983	ROPAX	Acquired from Delaware River and Bay Authority,[4] built in 1943 as USS LST-510 to serve in D-Day
	North Star	1984	ROPAX	Built in 1968 (Morgan City) as an offshore supply vessel, now used for charter services[4]
	John H.	1989	ROPAX	Largest vessel of the fleet, built 1989 by Eastern Marine Shipyard (Panama City)[4]
	Sea Jet I	1995	High-speed	Built by Nichols Brothers Shipyard (Freeland), formerly operated in Hawaii and Catalina Island[4]
	Susan Anne	1998	ROPAX	Built 1964 as Prince Nova, originally sailed between Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island[4]
	Mary Ellen	2003	ROPAX	Built in 1983
	Jessica W	2004[2]	High-speed passenger	Operated by Block Island Ferry Services, built in 1990 as Condor 9 acquired from Condor Ferries in 2003[11]
	Jennifer C.	2016	ROPAX	Built by New Bern Shipyard (New Bern) in 1965 as MV Pamlico, acquired in 2015 from North Carolina Department of Transportation Ferry Division[4]
	Cecilia Ann	2017	Passenger	Built by Austal Shipyard (Mobile) in 2003 as Zephyr, acquired from Circle Line Sightseeing Cruises, primarily used for lighthouse cruises[4]

Controversy

Local officials on Long Island's North Fork have criticized Cross Sound Ferry for causing increased vehicle traffic on New York State Route 25. The Orient terminal is located at the eastern terminus of Route 25, and all traffic must use Route 25 to get to and from the ferry terminal; travelers coming from points further west must travel through several towns, including Riverhead and Southold in the process. In an attempt to verify this, the Town of Southold commissioned a corridor study in 2007. However, the results of the study found that "the section of SR 25 in the vicinity of the Cross Sound Ferry currently operates with a Vehicle to Capacity (v/c) ratio of .18. This means that the roadway is currently running at 18% of its total capacity. This also means that the roadway can handle approximately five times the current traffic."[14]

In 2005, the town of Southold filed a lawsuit in the New York State Supreme Court against Cross Sound Ferry for a series of zoning law violations, as well as for safety hazards caused by vehicles parking along the shoulder of Route 25 in Orient as many as 2 miles west of the ferry terminal.[15] The town dropped its case after Cross Sound Ferry agreed to enforce parking restrictions along the shoulder of Route 25, and also made changes to the ferry company's zoning and site-plan.

On November 19, 2002, semi-truck driver Michael Zuber was killed by drowning after his semi-truck rolled off the back deck of the Susan Anne while he was asleep behind the wheel after crew members neglected to place wheel chocks behind the back wheels of Zuber’s semi-truck. No criminal charges were filed against Cross Sound Ferry, but Zuber’s family later filed a wrongful death lawsuit against the ferry company. The two sides agreed to an out-of-court settlement for $3.2 million in 2008, some six years after the accident.[16]

References

Citations

1. Gauvin, Brian (May 27, 2016). "At New London, a tugboat company gives new life to older equipment". Professional Mariner. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
2. Gauvin, Brian (November 24, 2008). "Ferries find new life on Long Island Sound". Professional Mariner. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
3. "High-speed ferry from New London begins May 27". The Block Island Times. April 25, 2005. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
4. "Fleet Info". Cross Sound Ferry. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
5. "US Congressional Record". US Government Printing Office. 1997: 23876. Retrieved July 30, 2017. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
6. "New Ferry Added to Cross Sound Ferry Fleet". Patch. September 3, 2016. Retrieved July 30, 2017.
7. "U.S. Department of Transportation Awards $123.5 Million to Improve Passenger Ferry Services, Ferry Boats and Terminals". US Department of Transportation. June 2, 2014. Retrieved July 30, 2017.
8. Bruzzone 2012, p. 25.
9. Rather, John (September 12, 2004). "IN BRIEF; Southold and Shelter Island Sue Over Ferry Traffic". The New York Times. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
10. "CSF - Cross Sound Ferry". www.longislandferry.com.
11. "About Jessica W". Block Island Express. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
12. "About Us". Thames Shipyard. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
13. Benson, Judy (December 22, 2010). "Cross Sound Ferry lands $1M federal grant". The Day. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
14. (Town of Southold Corridor Study FINAL REPORT February 13, 2007 prepared by Schneider Engineering, PLLC Coram, NY)
15. Rather, John (January 1, 2006). "State Supreme Court to Rule on an Injunction to Shrink Ferry Service". New York Times. Retrieved September 7, 2017.
16. "Family Of Ferry Accident Victim Settles For $3.2M - Koskoff Koskoff & Bieder". Koskoff Koskoff & Bieder, PC.

Sources

• Bruzzone, Anthony (2012). Guidelines for Ferry Transportation Services. Transportation Research Board.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

External links

• Cross Sound Ferry official website