Corumbiara State Park

The Corumbiara State Park (Portuguese: Parque Estadual de Corumbiara) is a state park in the state of Rondônia, Brazil.

Corumbiara State Park
Parque Estadual de Corumbiara
IUCN category II (national park)
Nearest cityPimenteiras do Oeste, Rondônia
Coordinates13.152430°S 61.859325°W / -13.152430; -61.859325
Area384,055 hectares (949,020 acres)
DesignationState park
Created23 May 1990
AdministratorSecretaria de Estado do Desenvolvimento Ambiental

Location

The Corumbiara State Park is divided between the municipalities of Pimenteiras do Oeste (51.78%), Alto Alegre dos Parecis (19.82%) and Cerejeiras (28.4%) in the state of Rondônia. It has an area of 384,055 hectares (949,020 acres).[1] It is in the south of the state along the border with Bolivia, which is defined by the Guaporé River. The Mequéns River defines the northwest boundary. The Rio Mequéns Indigenous Territory adjoins the park to the north.[2] The park has three support stations on the Guaporé river and another in the town of Pimenteiras do Oeste.[3] The reserve would be included in the proposed Western Amazon Ecological Corridor.[4]

Environment

Average elevations are 100 to 200 metres (330 to 660 ft). 70% of the park is subject to periodic flooding.[3] It is in an area of transition between the Amazon rainforest, pantanal and cerrado. There is a range of vegetation types including alluvial forest with emergent canopy, pioneer alluvial formations, savanna parkland, open and dense savanna and open lowland rainforest. About 50% is cerrado, with 28% forest and 22% aquatic.[5] Although no comprehensive survey has been made of the fauna, during preparation of the management plan 57 species of mammals were identified, 173 of birds and 20 of reptiles. There is some evidence of uncontacted Indians in the park. As of 1999 the park was constantly threatened by fires and illegal hunting.[3]

History

The Corumbiara State Park was created by state governor decree 4.576 of 23 May 1990, with an area of about 586,031 hectares (1,448,110 acres). It was to be administered by the Rondônia State Forestry Institute, an agency linked to the Secretariat of State for the Environment (SEMARO).[6] The Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária (INCRA – National Institute for Colonization and Agrarian Reform) issued land purchase and sale contracts in 1991–92 which forced reducation of the park area by 152,215 hectares (376,130 acres), removing protection from the headwaters of the rivers that drain into the park.[3] Law 690 of 27 December 1996 adjusted the boundaries of the park, reducing it to 424,339 hectares (1,048,560 acres).[6]

Law 1.171 of 31 December 2002 again altered the limits, reducing it to 384,055 hectares (949,020 acres). Federal act 91 of 30 June 2004 gave preliminary approval to assign 181,700 hectares (449,000 acres) of federal union land for use by the state of Rondônia in creating the park. The state was to avoid isolating the area containing the town of Laranjeiras.[6] The consultative council was created by decree 14926 of 25 February 2010. A revised management plan was approved on 17 September 2010. On 2 July 2012 SEMARO entered a mutual cooperation agreement for managing the park with the Centro de Estudos da Cultura e do Meio Ambiente da Amazônia (RIOTERRA).[6] As of 2016 the park was supported by the Amazon Region Protected Areas Program.[7]

Notes
    1. PES de Corumbiara – ISA, Informações gerais.
    2. PES de Corumbiara – ISA, Informações gerais (mapa).
    3. PES de Corumbiara – ISA, Características.
    4. Ayres et al. 2005, p. 32.
    5. Bóçon 1999, p. 329.
    6. PES de Corumbiara – ISA, Historico Juridico.
    7. Full list: PAs supported by ARPA.

    Sources
    • Ayres, José Márcio; Da Fonseca, Gustavo A. B.; Rylands, Anthony B.; Queiroz, Helder L.; Pinto, Luiz Paulo; Masterson, Donald; Cavalcanti, Roberto B. (2005), Os Corredores Ecológicos das Florestas Tropicais do Brasil (PDF) (in Portuguese), Sociedade Civil Mamirauá, archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-07-31, retrieved 2016-10-28
    • Bóçon, Roberto (1999), "Avifauna do Parque Estadual de Corumbiara, Rondônia-Brazil", Manejo y Conservación de Fauna Silvestre en America Latina, Santa Cruz de la Sierra, retrieved 2016-10-31
    • Full list: PAs supported by ARPA, ARPA, retrieved 2016-08-07
    • PES de Corumbiara (in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental, retrieved 2016-10-31
    gollark: @@@@@@<@236831708354314240><@&453380648611348500>@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@<@!330678593904443393>@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@''''
    gollark: Okay, I managed to compress the WHYJIT compiler into a single discord message.
    gollark: ```pythonimport argparse,subprocess,random,stringparser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Compile a WHY program using WHYJIT.")parser.add_argument("input",help="File containing WHY source code")parser.add_argument("-o","--output",help="Filename of the output executable to make",default="./a.why")parser.add_argument("-O","--optimize",help="Optimization level",type=int,default="0")#parser.add_argument("-d","--drawkcab",help=".sdrawkcab elif ecruos YHW eht ssecorP")args = parser.parse_args()def randomword(length): letters = string.ascii_lowercase return ''.join(random.choice(letters) for i in range(length))def which(program): proc = subprocess.run(["which",program],stdout=subprocess.PIPE) if proc.returncode == 0: return proc.stdout.replace(b"\n",b"") else: return Nonedef find_C_compiler(): compilers = ["gcc","clang","tcc","cc"] for compiler in compilers: path = which(compiler) if path != None: return pathdef build_output(code,max): #if args.drawkcab: code = code[::-1] C_code = f"""#define QUITELONG long long intconst QUITELONG max = {max};int main() {{ volatile QUITELONG i = 0; // disable some "optimizations" that RUIN OUR BEAUTIFUL CODE! while (i < max) {{ i++; }} {code}}} """ heredoc = randomword(100) devnull = "2>/dev/null" shell_script = f"""#!/bin/shTMP1=/tmp/ignore-meTMP2=/tmp/ignore-me-tooTMP3=/tmp/dont-look-here cat << {heredoc} > $TMP1{C_code}{heredoc}sed -e '1,/^exit \$?$/d' "$0" > $TMP3chmod +x $TMP3$TMP3 -x c -o $TMP2 $TMP1chmod +x $TMP2$TMP2exit $?""".encode("utf-8") with open(find_C_compiler(),"rb") as f: return shell_script + f.read()with open(args.input,"r") as f: contents = f.read() looplen = max(1000,(2 ** -args.optimize) * 1000000000) code = build_output( contents, looplen ) with open(args.output,"wb") as out: out.write(code)```
    gollark: (and so, code gold was invented)
    gollark: Maybe if I compress it manually a bit...
    This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.