Charaxes protoclea

Charaxes protoclea, the flame-bordered emperor or flame-bordered charaxes, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found Subsaharan Africa.[1]

Flame-bordered emperor
Charaxes protoclea protoclea male
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nymphalidae
Genus: Charaxes
Species:
C. protoclea
Binomial name
Charaxes protoclea
Feisthamel, 1850
Synonyms
  • Charaxes aeson Herrich-Schaeffer, 1858
  • Philognoma azota Hewitson, 1877
  • Charaxes calliclea Grose-Smith, 1889
  • Charaxes nyasana Butler, 1895
  • Charaxes protoclea var. aequidistans Gaede, 1916
  • Charaxes protoclea catenaria f. parcepicta Rousseau-Decelle, 1934
  • Charaxes protoclea catenaria f. bifida Rousseau-Decelle, 1934
  • Charaxes protoclea catenaria f. kafakumbana Rousseau-Decelle, 1934
  • Charaxes protoclea catenaria f. mutschatschana Rousseau-Decelle, 1934
  • Charaxes protoclea ab. maculata Strand, 1910
  • Charaxes protoclea ab. ablutus Schultze, 1914
  • Charaxes protoclea ab. nigropunctata Neustetter, 1916
  • Charaxes protoclea var. marginepunctata Holland, 1920
  • Charaxes protoclea f. sinuosa Rousseau-Decelle, 1934
  • Charaxes protoclea protoclea f. jeromei Birket-Smith, 1960

The wingspan is 65–70 mm in males and 75–95 mm in females. Has two broods from October to November and from February to June.[2]

Larvae feed on Afzelia quanzensis, Brachystegia spiciformis, and Julbernardia globiflora.[1][2]

Taxonomy

Charaxes cynthia group

The group members are

Charaxes protoclea and Charaxes subornatus

Subspecies

Listed alphabetically.[1]

  • C. p. azota (Hewitson, 1877) (Kenya, Tanzania, north-eastern Zambia, Malawi, eastern Zimbabwe, southern Mozambique, South Africa: KwaZulu-Natal)
  • C. p. catenaria Rousseau-Decelle, 1934 (Democratic Republic of the Congo, western Tanzania, Zambia)
  • C. p. cedrici Canu, 1989 (Bioko)
  • C. p. nothodes Jordan, 1911 (Democratic Republic of the Congo, western Uganda, north-western Tanzania)
  • C. p. protoclea Feisthamel, 1850 (Senegal, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, western Nigeria)
  • C. p. protonothodes van Someren, 1971 (Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Gabon, Congo, north-western Angola, north-western Democratic Republic of the Congo)
  • C. p. protoclea male
  • C. p. azota male from Kenya
  • C. p. protonothodes male from CAR
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gollark: I mean, irrelevant ones which don't back your claims, yes.
gollark: Oh, and "you constantly just refer people to giant sets of papers and random YouTube videos".
gollark: Also "you aren't using actual evidence" and "you're constantly shifting the goalposts" and "you're not even bothering to explain your claims and just expect people to infer them from random papers" and "you say stupidly vague things and cite papers for evidence because they sound vaguely related".
gollark: Your quote, not the video which I have ignored.

References
  1. "Charaxes Ochsenheimer, 1816" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
  2. Woodhall, Steve (2005). Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Cape Town, South Africa: Struik. ISBN 978-1-86872-724-7.
  • Victor Gurney Logan Van Someren, 1971 Revisional notes on African Charaxes (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Part VII. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology)181-226.
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