Chalcorana chalconota

Chalcorana chalconota is a species of "true frog", family Ranidae. It is endemic to Indonesia and occurs in southern Sumatra, Java,[1][2] Bali, and a few smaller islands.[1] Populations previously assigned to this species now belong to a number of other Chalcorana species, leading to the current delineation of Chalcorana chalconota with a much narrower range.[1][2] This species is also known as the Schlegel's frog, brown stream frog, copper-cheeked frog, or, among with many other species, white-lipped frog.[2]

Chalcorana chalconota

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Ranidae
Genus: Chalcorana
Species:
C. chalconota
Binomial name
Chalcorana chalconota
(Schlegel, 1837)
Synonyms[2]
  • Hyla chalconotus Schlegel, 1837
  • Polypedates chalconotus (Schlegel, 1837)
  • Rana chalconota (Schlegel, 1837)
  • Hydrophylax chalconotus Schlegel, 1837
  • Hylarana chalconota (Schlegel, 1837)
  • Polypedates junghunii Bleeker, 1856

Description

Chalcorana chalconota are relatively large frogs: adult males measure 34–50 mm (1.3–2.0 in) and females 49–73 mm (1.9–2.9 in) in snout–vent length. The legs are relatively short. The snout is slightly projecting. The tympanum is visible, slightly depressed. The finger tips are much enlarged. Coloration is green; the back may have black spots. Hind limbs may have crossbars. Dorsal skin is granular in females and has many fine spinules in males. Males also have conspicuously protruding humeral glands.[3]

Habitat and conservation

Chalcorana chalconota can be found along small lowland forest streams, but also away from streams in forest and in highland areas at elevations up to 1,571 m (5,154 ft) above sea level. It occurs in both primary and degraded forests, and it can be found in human settlements, plantations, and rubbish-filled ponds. Breeding takes place in a range of aquatic habitats: quiet side pools of forest streams, temporary forest edge ponds, irrigation channels, and ditches in paddy fields. There are no major threats to this common species. It occurs in several protected areas.[1]

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References
  1. IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2018). "Chalcorana chalconota". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T78934311A78934546. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T78934311A78934546.en.
  2. Frost, Darrel R. (2019). "Chalcorana chalconota (Schlegel, 1837)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 30 March 2019.
  3. Inger, Robert F.; Stuart, Bryan L. & Iskandar, Djoko T. (January 2009). "Systematics of a widespread Southeast Asian frog, Rana chalconota (Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 155 (1): 123–147. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00440.x.
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