Cascade Canal

The Cascade Canal is a canal located in Klamath and Jackson counties, in the U.S. State of Oregon. It delivers water from Fourmile Lake in the Klamath River watershed over the Cascade Divide to Fish Lake in the Rogue River watershed.[1] It diverts approximately 5,462 acre feet (6,737,000 m3) annually into Fish Lake.[2] About 33 percent of the water diverted from Fourmile Lake is lost or spilled on the way to Fish Lake.[1]

History

Because of water shortages in the nearby Rogue Valley, the Fish Lake Water Company was established in 1898 to find a way to aid irrigation in the region. The company proposed to enlarge Fish Lake and create Fourmile Lake for added water storage, diverting water from Fourmile Lake to Fish Lake to supplement Little Butte Creek. Fourmile Lake Dam and Fish Lake Dam were constructed in 1906 and 1908, respectively. Construction of the Cascade Canal began in 1910. By 1915, 17,000 feet (5,200 m) of the canal had been constructed. It was completed in the fall of 1915 when the last 7,500 feet (2,300 m) of the canal was built, reaching Fish Lake.[3]

Course

The Cascade Canal begins at Fourmile Lake, located 5,748 feet (1,752 m) above sea level.[4] It travels southeast, around a ridge named Rye Spur (sometimes known as Aye Spur).[4][5] At the edge of Rye Spur, the canal curves right forming a half-circle of about 0.5 miles (0.80 km) radius, then travels northwest until it meets Ursa Creek. At Ursa Creek, it turns sharply southwest, along Mount McLoughlin's flanks. The canal is crossed by the Pacific Crest Trail and Oregon Route 140 near the Cascade Divide.[4][6] It crosses the divide directly between Mount McLoughlin and Brown Mountain, before descending to Fish Lake, at an elevation of 4,639 feet (1,414 m).[4] Overall, the canal drops a total of 1,109 feet (338 m).[Note 1]

Notes
  1. Total drop calculated by subtracting Fish Lake's elevation from Fourmile Lake's elevation.
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References
  1. "Biological Assessment on Continued Operation and Maintenance of the Rogue River Basin Project and Effects on Essential Fish Habitat under the Magnuson-Stevens Act" (PDF). United States Bureau of Reclamation. August 2003. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 5, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2009.
  2. La Marche, Jonathan (February 22, 2001). "Water Imports and Exports Between The Rogue and Upper Klamath Basin". Archived from the original (DOC) on July 20, 2011. Retrieved November 29, 2009. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  3. "The Rogue River Basin Project Talent Division" (PDF). United States Bureau of Land Management. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-14. Retrieved November 29, 2009.
  4. Oregon Road and Recreation Atlas (Map) (4th ed.). 1:250,000. Benchmark Maps. 2010. p. 97. ISBN 978-0-929591-62-9.
  5. "Rye Spur". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. November 28, 1980. Retrieved November 29, 2009.
  6. Schaffer, Jeffrey (2004). Oregon and Washington: From the California Border to the Canadian Border (7th ed.). Wilderness Press. p. 83. ISBN 978-0-89997-375-3.

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