Canna coccinea

Canna coccinea is a species of the Canna genus, belonging to the family Cannaceae. A native of northern Argentina., it was introduced in England from South America in 1731.[1][2]

Canna coccinea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Monocots
(unranked):
Commelinids
Order:
Zingiberales
Family:
Cannaceae
Genus:
Canna
Species:
C. coccinea
Binomial name
Canna coccinea
Synonyms

Canna indica var. coccinea (Mill.) Aiton

Description

Herbs up to 2 m tall.[3] Full heads of raspberry red flowers held high over the deeper green leaves. Orange or red staminodes (usually 2). The inflorescence stalk generally elongated and not branched. The fruits contain 3 to 5 seeds. The inflorescence stalk is triangular in cross-section and acutely angled; with three distinct longitudinal ridges.[4]

Taxonomy

Paulus Johannes Maria Maas from Netherlands[5] and Nobuyuki Tanaka from Japan, both experts in the taxonomy of genus Canna, assign different classifications for this species.

Dr Maas considers C. coccinea to be a synonym of C. indica L., however, Dr Tanaka's DNA-based approach shows that species in the Canna indica complex can be clearly distinguished from other taxa, as a result he recognises it as a separate species.[6]

Cultivation

C. coccinea is hardy to zone 10 and is frost tender. In the north latitudes it is in flower from August to October, and the seeds ripen in October.[3]

Ecology

The species is invasive in New Caledonia.[7]

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References
  1. Johnson's Gardeners Dictionary, 1856
  2. Kew Gardens, Checklist of plant families
  3. Cooke, Ian, 2001. The Gardener's Guide to Growing cannas, Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-513-6
  4. "Canna coccinea in the Claines Canna Collection". Archived from the original on 2011-07-20. Retrieved 2008-03-20.
  5. Segeren, W. & P. J. M. Maas. 1971. The genus Canna in northern South America. Acta Bot. Neerl. 20(6):676.
  6. Tanaka, N. 2001. Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia. Makinoa ser. 2, 1:34–43.
  7. Hequet, Vanessa (2009). LES ESPÈCES EXOTIQUES ENVAHISSANTES DE NOUVELLE-CALÉDONIE (PDF) (in French). p. 17.

Further reading
  • Adams, C. 1972. Flowering plants of Jamaica. (F Jam)
  • Cabrera, A. L., ed. 1965–1970. Flora de la provincia de Buenos Aires. (F BuenAir)
  • Fournet, J. 1978. Flore illustree des phanerogames de Guadeloupe et de Martinique. (F GuadMart)
  • Gómez-Pompa, A. & V. Sosa, eds. 1978–. Flora de Veracruz. (F Veracruz)
  • Howard, R. 1974–1989. Flora of the Lesser Antilles. (F LAnt)
  • León (J. S. Sauget) & Alain (E. E. Liogier). 1946–1962. Flora de Cuba.; suppl. 1969 (F CubaLeon)
  • Reitz, R., ed. 1965–. Flora ilustrada catarinense. (F SCatarin)
  • Walker, E. 1976. Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu Islands. (F Okin)
  • Woodson, R. E. & R. W. Schery, eds. 1943–1980. Flora of Panama. (F Panama)

See also
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