Caleana triens

Caleana triens, commonly known as broad-billed duck orchid[3] is a species of orchid endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single smooth leaf and is distinguished by its flattened labellum with calli only near its tip and by its relatively early flowering period.

Broad-billed duck orchid
Caleana triens in Wandoo National Park
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Monocots
Order:
Asparagales
Family:
Orchidaceae
Subfamily:
Orchidoideae
Genus:
Caleana
Species:
C. triens
Binomial name
Caleana triens
Synonyms[2]

Paracaleana triens Hopper & A.P.Br.

Description

Caleana triens has a single smooth, dull green or dull red leaf, 15–30 mm (0.6–1 in) long and 6–11 mm (0.2–0.4 in) wide. Usually only one greenish yellow and red flower, 20–25 mm (0.8–1 in) long and 12–15 mm (0.5–0.6 in) wide is borne on a thin, wiry stalk 60–140 mm (2–6 in) high. The dorsal sepal, lateral sepals and petals are narrow and hang downwards with the dorsal sepal pressed against the column which has broad wings, forming a bucket-like shape. The labellum is flattened and only about one-third of the outer part of the labellum is covered with glossy black glands or calli. Flowering occurs in September and October.[3][4]

Taxonomy and naming

The broad-billed duck orchid was first formally described in 2006 by Stephen Hopper and Andrew Brown who gave it the name Paracaleana triens. The type specimen was collected near York and description was published in Australian Systematic Botany.[5] In 2014, based on molecular studies, Joseph Miller and Mark Clements transferred all the species previously in Paracaleana to Caleana, so that the present species became Caleana triens.[1][6] The specific epithet (triens) is a Latin word meaning "third",[7] referring to there being calli only one-third of the outer part of the labellum.[4]

Distribution and habitat

Caleana triens grows in forest, woodland or shrubland in sandy soil between York and Esperance in the Avon Wheatbelt, Jarrah Forest and Mallee biogeographic regions.[3][4][8]

Conservation

Caleana triens (as Paracaleana triens) is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.[8]

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References
  1. "Caleana triens". APNI. Retrieved 14 April 2018.
  2. "Caleana triens". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  3. Hoffman, Noel; Brown, Andrew (2011). Orchids of South-West Australia (3rd ed.). Gooseberry Hill: Noel Hoffman. p. 250. ISBN 9780646562322.
  4. Brown, Andrew; Dundas, Pat; Dixon, Kingsley; Hopper, Stephen (2008). Orchids of Western Australia. Crawley, Western Australia: University of Western Australia Press. p. 305. ISBN 9780980296457.
  5. "Paracaleana triens". APNI. Retrieved 14 April 2018.
  6. Miller, Joseph T.; Clements, Mark A. (2014). "Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Drakaeinae: Diurideae (Orchidaceae) based on DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region". Australian Systematic Botany. 27 (1): 3–22. doi:10.1071/SB13036. Retrieved 14 April 2018.
  7. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 798.
  8. "Paracaleana triens". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
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