Caladenia infundibularis

Caladenia infundibularis, commonly known as the funnel-web spider orchid is a species of orchid endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single hairy leaf and up to three greenish-yellow flowers which have a red-tipped labellum.

labellum detail

Funnel-web spider orchid
Caladenia infundibularis growing near Augusta
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Diurideae
Genus: Caladenia
Species:
C. infundibularis
Binomial name
Caladenia infundibularis
Synonyms
  • Arachnorchis infundibularis (A.S.George) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem.
  • Calonema infundibulare (A.S.George) Szlach.
  • Calonemorchis infundibularis (A.S.George) Szlach.

Description

Caladenia infundibularis is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single hairy leaf, 80–120 mm (3–5 in) long and about 12 mm (0.5 in) wide. Up to three greenish-yellow flowers 80–120 mm (3–5 in) long and 60–80 mm (2–3 in) wide are borne on a stalk 250–450 mm (10–20 in) tall. The dorsal sepal is erect, 35–55 mm (1–2 in) long and 2–3 mm (0.08–0.1 in) wide. The lateral sepals are 35–65 mm (1–3 in) long, 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) wide and have thin, yellowish-brown, club-like glandular tips 6–15 mm (0.2–0.6 in) long. The petals are 27–38 mm (1.1–1.5 in) long, 3–8 mm (0.1–0.3 in) wide and spread widely or turn slightly downwards. The labellum is greenish-yellow with a red tip, 20–24 mm (0.8–0.9 in) long, 11–16 mm (0.4–0.6 in) wide with the tip turned downwards. It is funnel-shaped at its tip and has many spreading teeth up to 5 mm (0.2 in) long, along its sides and four or six rows of yellowish calli along its mid-line. Flowering occurs in October and November.[1][2][3]

Taxonomy and naming

Caladenia infundibularis was first formally described by Alex George in 1984 and the description was published in Nuytsia from a specimen found near Augusta.[4] The specific epithet (infundibularis) is a Latin word meaning "funnel-shaped",[5] referring to the shape of the base of the labellum.[2]

Distribution and habitat

The funnel-web spider orchid occurs between Dunsborough and Northcliffe in the Jarrah Forest, Swan Coastal Plain and Warren biogeographic regions where it grows in coastal heath, forest and woodland.[1][2][3][6]

Conservation

Caladenia infundibularis is classified as "Not Threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.[6]

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gollark: > OWO what's this?That... ugh.
gollark: What? Do you have an archived copy of that?
gollark: Check the headers?
gollark: Exactly. So by the idea of the veil of ignorance, it's ethical for us to log all things ever too!

References
  1. Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. pp. 90–91. ISBN 1877069124.
  2. Brown, Andrew; Dundas, Pat; Dixon, Kingsley; Hopper, Stephen (2008). Orchids of Western Australia. Crawley, Western Australia: University of Western Australia Press. p. 121. ISBN 9780980296457.
  3. Hoffman, Noel; Brown, Andrew (2011). Orchids of South-West Australia (3rd ed.). Gooseberry Hill: Noel Hoffman. p. 140. ISBN 9780646562322.
  4. "Caladenia infundibularis". APNI. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
  5. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 358.
  6. "Caladenia infundibularis". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
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