CTPS2

CTP synthase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CTPS2 gene.[5][6]

CTPS2
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2V4U, 2VKT, 3IHL
Identifiers
Aliases	CTPS2, CTP synthase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 300380 MGI: 1933185 HomoloGene: 115908 GeneCards: CTPS2
Gene location (Human) Chr. X chromosome (human)[1] Band Xp22.2 Start 16,587,999 bp[1] End 16,712,936 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. X chromosome (mouse)[2] Band X|X F4 Start 162,901,238 bp[2] End 163,032,508 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • ligase activity • nucleotide binding • GO:0001948 protein binding • ATP binding • CTP synthase activity • identical protein binding Cellular component • cytosol • cytoplasm • cytoophidium Biological process • pyrimidine nucleotide metabolic process • glutamine metabolic process • 'de novo' CTP biosynthetic process • pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthetic process • nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion • CTP biosynthetic process • pyrimidine nucleobase biosynthetic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	56474	55936
Ensembl	ENSG00000047230	ENSMUSG00000031360
UniProt	Q9NRF8	P70303
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001144002 NM_019857 NM_175859	NM_001168568 NM_001168569 NM_001168571 NM_018737 NM_001358398
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001137474 NP_062831 NP_787055	NP_001162040 NP_001162041 NP_001162043 NP_061207 NP_001345327
Location (UCSC)	Chr X: 16.59 – 16.71 Mb	Chr X: 162.9 – 163.03 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

The protein encoded by this gene catalyzes the formation of CTP from UTP with the concomitant deamination of glutamine to glutamate.

This protein is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of cytosine nucleotides, which play an important role in various metabolic processes and provide the precursors necessary for the synthesis of RNA and DNA. Cancer cells that exhibit increased cell proliferation also exhibit an increased activity of this encoded protein.

Thus, this protein is an attractive target for selective chemotherapy. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described for this gene.[6]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000047230 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000031360 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. van Kuilenburg AB, Meinsma R, Vreken P, Waterham HR, van Gennip AH (Oct 2000). "Identification of a cDNA encoding an isoform of human CTP synthetase". Biochim Biophys Acta. 1492 (2–3): 548–52. doi:10.1016/s0167-4781(00)00141-x. PMID 10899599.
6. "Entrez Gene: CTPS2 CTP synthase II".

External links

• Human CTPS2 genome location and CTPS2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

Further reading

• Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, et al. (2006). "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks". Cell. 127 (3): 635–48. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026. PMID 17081983.
• Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514.
• Han GS, Sreenivas A, Choi MG, et al. (2006). "Expression of Human CTP Synthetase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reveals Phosphorylation by Protein Kinase A". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (46): 38328–36. doi:10.1074/jbc.M509622200. PMC 1400552. PMID 16179339.
• Ross MT, Grafham DV, Coffey AJ, et al. (2005). "The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome". Nature. 434 (7031): 325–37. doi:10.1038/nature03440. PMC 2665286. PMID 15772651.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.