C-704

The C-704 is a Chinese anti-ship missile. The missile was developed by the third research institute of the Chinese Aerospace Group, also the manufacturer of the C-701.

C-704
Typeanti-ship / air-to-surface
Place of originChina
Service history
In serviceprior to 2006 – present
Used byChina
Production history
ManufacturerChina Aviation Industry Corporation
Producedprior to 2006
Specifications
Warhead130 kg warhead (C-704)
110-130 kg warhead (C-705)
Detonation
mechanism
Semi-armor-piercing
Enginerocket motor (C-704)
Turbojet (C-705)
Propellantsolid fuel
Operational
range
35 km (C-704)
140-170 km (C-705)
Flight altitude15–20 meters cruising (C-704)
12.15 meters (C-705)
Maximum speed high subsonic
Guidance
system
ARH / ImIR IR / TV
Launch
platform
Air & surface

Design

This anti-ship missile is designed specifically for targets with displacement between 1,000 tons to 4,000 tons. Neither small anti-ship missiles such as the TL-6 and C-701 nor large ones such as the C-802 and Silkworm missile are cost effective when used for this purpose.

Development

In order to speed up the development and reduce risks, the developer adopted technologies from the C-701. The resulting new missile appears as an enlarged version of the C-701, with larger warhead. However, a brand new seeker is adopted, it is a centimetre wave radar seeker instead of the television, imaging infrared and millimetre wave radar seekers for the C-701. The C-704 has twice the range of the C-701.

Deployment

Various platforms including aircraft, surface ships/boats, and from land/vehicle. Like the C-701, this missile cannot be launched from submarine yet. The C-704 anti-ship missile can be readily integrated with the current C4I systems such as those for the C-701.

History

The radar seeker armed version is the only version appeared at the sixth Zhuhai airshow, at which the manufacturers confirmed that the development of imaging infrared and television, laser seekers had already been in progress, and like the C-701, the C-704 would eventually become a general-purpose air-to-surface missile that could engage various targets. This would make the C-704 a Chinese equivalent of American AGM-65 E/F/G/J/K Maverick.[1]

C-704 caught by Israel in Victoria Affair

On 16 March 2011, Israel Defense Forces intercepted a shipment of six C-704 missiles with launchers and Kelvin Hughes radar units, along with other munitions aboard the Liberian-flagged cargo vessel Victoria managed by a French shipping company en route from Turkey to Alexandria in international waters by Israeli Navy. The missiles were suspected to be of Iranian origin, being shipped to Hamas in the Gaza Strip for use in attacks on Israeli Naval vessels.[2][3]

On 14 September 2016, the Indonesian president witnessed two failed firings of C-705 missiles during a demonstration by the Indonesian Navy. The first missile failed to launch on command but fired unexpectedly five minutes later and didn't hit the target. The second missile fired as expected but failed during flight.[4]

Specifications

Official information on the C-704, released at the sixth Zhuhai airshow in 2006:

  • Warhead: 130 kg
  • Speed: high subsonic
  • Range: 35 km
  • Cruise altitude: 15–20 metres
  • Developer: China Aviation Industry Corporation
  • Kill probability: > 97.7%

C-704KD

The air-to-surface version of the C-704 is first revealed to the public in 7th Zhuhai Airshow in 2008, with KD stands for Kong Di, or Air - Ground. The most significant difference between the original anti-shipping version and the air-to-surface version is in the guidance system. The original radar or IR-UV guidance of the C-704 is replaced a dual band IR seeker, covering both IR windows (3 - 5 um & 8 - 12 um), providing some help against stealth targets, as claimed by the developer. Other derivatives of the C-704KD revealed at the airshow included yet another electro-optical guided version, which utilizes a gimballed TV and IIR seekers, with the IIR version uses a magnesium fluoride window. Like another development of C-704 revealed at the same airshow, the C-705, C-704KD is also compatible with radar and GPS guidance. The kill probability of C-704KD is quoted at 96% by its developer.

C-705

At the 7th Zhuhai Airshow, another member of the C-70X series is shown to the public. Designated as the C-705, the missile is a direct development of the C-704, yet externally, the new C-705 missile resembles a miniaturized C-602. Major improvements concentrated in following areas: configuration, propulsion, warhead and guidance. The original rocket engine of the C-704 was replaced with a larger one, plus addition of turbojet engine and retractable wings, increasing the range to 140 km. Developers claimed that the modular design of the new engine had the option to provide a second stage to further increase the range to 170 km, but the second stage was not shown at the airshow.

The warhead is reduced to 110 kg, but the adaption of HVTD-H high-explosive directional warhead enabled the missile to effectively neutralize targets size up to 1,500 tons. Several seekers has already been developed for the C-705, including radar, TV and IR. For mid-course guidance, GPS or GLONASS are used, though the sample shown at the 2008 airshow is only compatible with GPS due to export purpose. Developer claimed that domestic Chinese satellite navigational can also be used. Currently Indonesia is planning on licensed/joint manufacturing the C-705 and installed them on Indonesian design and built KCR type fast attack craft.[5]

Specifications:

  • Weight: 320 kg
  • Warhead: 110 to 130  kg
  • Range: 140 km to 170 km
  • Engine: small turbojet engine plus solid rocket booster
  • Seeker: radar, TV, or IR
  • Cruise altitude: 12.15 meter (lowest)
  • Target size: ships up to 1,500 to 3,000 tons[6]
  • Launching platform: aircraft, surface vessels, and land vehicles
  • Kill probability: > 95.7%

C-705KD

The radar seeker of the anti-ship version of C-705 is replaced by either a TV seeker or imaging infrared (IIR) seeker on C-705KD.[7] In addition, a data link is also incorporated to enable the operator to change the target after the missile is launched when needed, though the fire-and-forgot mode is still available at the same time.[8] C-705KD and C-705 are interchangeable on the same hardpoint.

Operators
Map with C-704 operators in blue

Current operators
 Bangladesh
 China
 Egypt
 Indonesia
 Iran
  • Iranian navy
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References
  1. "Military Aspects of the Air Show China 2008 - SinoDefence.com". Archived from the original on 2011-03-20. Retrieved 2010-12-09.
  2. "Israel to release German-owned arms ship and crew - Monsters and Critics". Archived from the original on 2011-03-18. Retrieved 2011-03-17.
  3. "Israel's latest PR bid has failed - Israel News | Haaretz Daily Newspaper". Archived from the original on 2011-03-18. Retrieved 2011-03-17.
  4. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2017-08-29. Retrieved 2019-06-29.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. "C-705 AShM". Archived from the original on 2014-01-03. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  6. "C-705". Archived from the original on 2014-01-03. Retrieved 2012-11-21.
  7. C-705KD
  8. "C-705KD missile". Archived from the original on 2018-06-24. Retrieved 2019-06-29.
  9. Inilah Spesifikasi KCR-40, Diharapkan Menambah Kekuatan Armada TNI AL Archived 2013-07-03 at the Wayback Machine
  10. "Navy launches second locally made guided-missile boat | The Jakarta Post". Archived from the original on 2016-09-18. Retrieved 2019-06-29.
  11. "Dewan Pastikan Pembelian Rudal C-705". Archived from the original on 2017-04-11. Retrieved 2019-06-29.
  12. "Indonesia to license produce Chinese C-705 missiles". January 31, 2013. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved June 29, 2019.
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