Synovial bursa

A synovial bursa (plural bursae or bursas) is a small fluid-filled sac lined by synovial membrane with an inner capillary layer of viscous synovial fluid (similar in consistency to that of a raw egg white). It provides a cushion between bones and tendons and/or muscles around a joint. This helps to reduce friction between the bones and allows free movement. Bursae are found around most major joints of the body.

"Bursae" redirects here. For other uses, see Bursa (disambiguation).
Synovial bursa
Typical joint
Within the knee joint: bursae visible top right, middle right and bottom right
Details
Identifiers
Latinbursa synovialis
MeSHD002061
TAA03.0.00.039
A04.8.01.004
THH3.03.00.0.00039
FMA9692
Anatomical terminology

Structure

There are four types of bursa: adventitious, subcutaneous, synovial, and sub-muscular. Among these, only adventitious is non-native. When any surface of the body is subjected to repeated stress, an adventitious bursa develops under it. Examples are Students' elbow and bunion.

Clinical significance

Infection or irritation of a bursa leads to bursitis (inflammation of a bursa). The general term for disease of bursae is "bursopathy."

History

Etymology

Bursa is Medieval Latin for "purse", so named for the resemblance of an anatomical bursa to a purse. Bursae or bursas is its plural form.

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See also
  • Hirji, Zameer; Hunjun, Jaspal S; Choudur, Hema N (2 May 2011). "Imaging of the Bursae". Journal of Clinical Imaging Science. 1: 22. doi:10.4103/2156-7514.80374. PMC 3177464. PMID 21966619.
  • Bursa
  • Diagram of elbow with olecranon bursa
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