Breese-Wilde Model 5

The Breese-Wilde 5 is a custom-built high-wing monoplane that was produced for and used in the Dole Air Derby of 1927.

Model 5
Role Monoplane
National origin United States
Manufacturer Breese-Wilde Aircraft Company[1]
Designer Vance Breese, Arthur F. Wilde
First flight 1927

Design

The aircraft were conventional geared high-wing aircraft, powered with a Wright Whirlwind J-5 engine.

Operational history
Serial Number 1
Pabco Pacific Flyer with Maj. Irving and family before the start of the Dole Air Race (1927)

In 1927, Inspired by Charles A. Lindbergh's successful trans-Atlantic flight, James D. Dole, the Hawaii pineapple magnate, put up a prize of US$25,000 for the first fixed-wing aircraft to fly the 3,870 kilometers (2,400 mi) from Oakland, California to Honolulu, Hawaii, and US$10,000 for second place.[2] Oakland built a 7,020 foot long runway, which was the longest in the world at the time in just 21 days to meet the Dole race start.[3][4] Livingston Gilson Irving,[5] (1895 –1983) was an decorated American World War I pilot who served in the 103d Aero Squadron, 3d Pursuit Group, U.S. Army Air Service, A.E.F., near Bantheville, France.[6] Irvine was the first contestant to enter the Dole Air Derby. The aircraft he chose to purchase for the attempt was the first Breese-Wilde monoplane. Irvines father Samuel C. Irving was mayor of Berkeley and owner of San Francisco-based, Paraffine Companies Inc. where both worked. The company and its employees sponsored the aircraft for the attempt, naming it the Pabco Pacific Flyer and painted with the Indian head of his World War I unit.[7] While most contestants had navigators, Irving was the only one qualified for both positions.[8][9] While on the takeoff attempt for the Dole prize, Irving overran the runway. He was towed back, launched again, and crashed after stalling the heavily loaded bright orange Pabco Pacific Flyer. The landing gear collapsed, which precluded him from racing.[10]

Irving donated his radio to William Portwood Erwin, who was piloting the competing Dallas Spirit to look for downed racers. Erwin and his navigator, Alvin Eichwaldt, perished in the rescue attempt as well. Irving escaped uninjured, exiting the ill-fated air race that claimed ten others' lives.

In November 1927, the aircraft was wrecked in the Mojave desert, ripping off both wings; it was then sold to Irving for $10.00. It was rebuilt by the Breese Aircraft Company to a cabin style with a new fuselage, wing, wheels and a new propeller. Aircraft Industries Inc. then lengthened the aircraft 8" and added new wings five feet longer. The new plane was re-registered as the seven place Irving Cabin Monoplane, which Irving named "Redwing",[11] with the intent of using it as a commercial aerial broadcasting station. A radio license was issued to Flying Broadcasters (Inc.) in late 1927, initially with the sequentially assigned call letters of "KHAC",[12] although a short time later the call letters were changed to "KFBI".[13] In late March 1928 the station made its debut broadcast,[14] transmitting on 1470 kHz on the AM band at 7,200 feet (2,200 meters) over Hayward.[11] However, a few weeks later the Federal Radio Commission announced that, effective July 1, it would no longer license portable broadcasting stations, and KFBI, along with the other (earthbound) portables, was included in the list of stations to be eliminated.[15][16]

In June 1929, the aircraft was sold again to the Pacific Finance Corporation for $2000 with 550 flight hours logged. The aircraft was dismantled in December 1932.[17]

Serial Number 3
Schluter (L) and Jensen (R), 1927

Aloha, serial number 3 (serial number 5 after modifications), was painted a bright yellow with red lettering across the side. It was purchased and piloted by Martin Jensen, with P.Schluter, a marine navigator responding to an ad for the position. The Aloha placed second in the Dole race, finishing behind "Woolaroc" winning a $10,000 prize. After the record flight, the extra fuel tanks were removed, four seats were added, and it flew around the Hawaiian islands as a Breese "Air Express" for Hawaiian Air Tours.[18] In May 1928 the aircraft was sold for $6000 for a six month private tour of the United States. In November 1929 it was converted again to a five place aircraft with a Wright J-6 engine in New York. In October of that year it was placed into service as a aerial photography aircraft for the New York Daily News. In March 1932, the aircraft was grounded after bending a propeller. In 1933 it was destroyed in a hangar fire in Garden City, New York.[19]

Others

Varney Air Lines also flew a Wright J-4 powered model as an addition to its Swallow airmail aircraft. It later upgraded the engines to Wright J-5s[20]

The Breese-Wilde company folded in 1928, with Vance Breese moving on to design, fly and create new companies.[21]

Specifications (Breese-Wilde Model 5)

Data from NASM

General characteristics

  • Crew: 2
  • Length: 27 ft (8.2 m)
  • Wingspan: 41 ft (12 m)
  • Height: 9 ft 3 in (2.82 m)
  • Gross weight: 4,300 lb (1,950 kg)
  • Fuel capacity: 300 U.S. gallons (1,100 L; 250 imp gal), 100 U.S. gallons (380 L; 83 imp gal) extra in containers were used on record flights.
  • Powerplant: 1 × Wright Whirlwind J5-C Radial, 220 hp (160 kW)

Performance

  • Cruise speed: 91 kn (105 mph, 169 km/h)
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See also

Related development

References
  1. "Pabco Pacific Flyer Registration" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2011.
  2. "Dole Derby". Retrieved 23 August 2011.
  3. Reuther, Ronald T.; Larkins, William T. Oakland Aviation. p. 17.
  4. "Oakland Airport" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on December 1, 2006. Retrieved November 3, 2011.
  5. "Honor Roll of the Air Service". Aerial age weekly. 3 March 1919.
  6. "WWI Pilots from California". Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 26 August 2012.
  7. "Major Irving is Favorite to Win Hop to Honolulu". Berkeley Daily Gazette. 9 July 1927. p. 10.
  8. "WORK ALL NIGHT FOR PACIFIC FLIGHT; Mechanics Toil on Eighth and Ninth Planes to Qualify in Test Before Deadline Today. 10,000 BESIEGE AIRPORT Radio Guidance Plans Are Flashed to Ships at Sea for Tomorrow's Take-Off From Oakland". The New York Times. 15 August 1927. p. 3.
  9. "The Slater-Irving connection was sealed in Paraffine". Retrieved 3 November 2011.
  10. Ronald T. Reuther, William T. Larkins. Oakland Aviation. p. 27.
  11. "Hanger Chatter", Oakland Tribune, April 5, 1928, page 14.
  12. "New Stations", Radio Service Bulletin, November 30, 1927, page 2.
  13. "Alterations and Corrections", Radio Service Bulletin, February 29, 1928, page 6.
  14. "Flyers Broadcast From Air", San Francisco Chronicle, March 31, 1928, page 17.
  15. "Portable stations no longer licensed" (General Order No. 30, May 10, 1928), Radio Service Bulletin, May 31, 1928, page 8.
  16. "Strike Out All Particulars", Radio Service Bulletin, July 31, 1928, page 18.
  17. "United Airlines Executive Air Traveller" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2011.
  18. "Aloha - NASM" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2011.
  19. "Breese-Wilde Monoplane". Retrieved 3 November 2011.
  20. "United Airlines Executive Air Traveller" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May 2012. Retrieved 3 November 2011.
  21. Robert F. Pauley (July 1998). "Breese-Dallas Model 1". Skyways: 61.
  • Images of the Aloha , , , ,
  • Images of the Pabco Pacific Flyer
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