Brachioteuthis riisei

Brachioteuthis riisei, also known as the common arm squid, is a species of squid in the family Brachioteuthidae.[2]

Comb-finned squid

Data Deficient  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda
Order: Oegopsida
Family: Brachioteuthidae
Genus: Brachioteuthis
Species:
B. riisei
Binomial name
Brachioteuthis riisei
Synonyms[2]

Entomopsis alicei Joubin, 1900
 Entomopsis velaini Rochebrune, 1884
 Tracheloteuthis riisei Steenstrup, 1882
Verrilliola nympha Pfeffer, 1884

Description

This is a small species. It is almost colourless except for small chromatophores scarcely distributed. It has a long, thin, cylindrical mantle which grows to from 10 to 17 cm in length. The fin is approximately 35-50% of the length of the mantle. It has weak muscles, yet is nektonic.[3]

Larval stage

The neck of the larvae is long. Their arms have two rows of suckers, with the having multiple rows of smaller suckers in the tentacular club at the proximal hub.[3]

Distribution

This species is widely distributed and is native to many parts of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, and the Mediterranean and Black Seas.[4] Except within the boreal Pacific Ocean, this is likely a cosmopolitan species.[3]

Habitat and biology

Young animals live in the epi-mesopelagic zone, with adults occurring in the bathypelagic zone.[3] Brachioteuthis riisei is an oceanic species which can be found over a wide range of depths from the surface to 3,000 m depth. Juvenile animals occur throughout the year which suggests that this species has an extended spawning season, although the juveniles reach peak abundance between May and August and in February in the North Atlantic while the peaks in the Mediterrabean and off Northwest Africa are from April to July, in September, and from December to February. Brachioteuthis riisei is preyed upon by a range of marine mammals including Cuvier's beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris)[1] and striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba),[5] as well as by fish, for example the blue shark (Prionace glauca)[1] and, in the Azores, the swordfish (Xiphias gladius), as well as by the giant red shrimp (Aristaeomorpha foliacea) in the Sicilian Channel.[5]

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References
  1. Allcock, L.; Barratt, I. (2014). "Brachioteuthis riisei". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T163095A972086. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T163095A972086.en. Downloaded on 25 February 2018.
  2. Julian Finn (2016). "Brachioteuthis riisei (Steenstrup, 1882)". World Register of Marine Species. Flanders Marine Institute. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
  3. "Marine Species Identification Portal : Brachioteuthis riisei". species-identification.org.
  4. "Brachioteuthis riisei". iucnredlist.org.
  5. P. Jereb; C.F.E. Roper, eds. (2010). Cephalopods of the World an Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Cephalopod Species Known to Date Volume 2 Myopsid and Oegopsid Squids (PDF). Food and Agriculture Organization Rome. pp. 131–132. ISBN 978-92-5-106720-8.
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