Bona nox

Bona nox! bist a rechta Ox, K. 561, is a canon in A major for four voices a cappella by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart; Mozart entered this work into his catalogue on 1788 as part of a set of ten canons.

Music

The canon is written in the time signature of cut common time and in the key signature of A major. The theme is 16 bars long; each of the four voices enters after four bars.

Text

The original lyrics are probably by Mozart himself;[1] they include the words for "good night" in five different languages (Latin, Italian, French, English, and German).[2][3] The phrase "gute Nacht, gute Nacht, / scheiß ins Bett daß' kracht", found in the fourth-to-last and third-to-last lines, closely resembles a similar expression found in a postscript to one of Wolfgang's letters by his mother, written 26 September 1777 to his father; also in Mozart's letter from 7 July 1770 to his sister.[4]

Original version[5]
Bona nox! bist a rechta Ochs; bona notte, liebe Lotte; bonne nuit, pfui, pfui; good night, good night, heut müßma noch weit; gute Nacht, gute Nacht, scheiß ins Bett daß' kracht; gute Nacht, schlaf fei g'sund und reck' den Arsch zum Mund.	Good night! [Latin] You are quite an ox; Good night, [Italian] My dear Lotte; Good night, [French] Phooey, phooey; Good night, good night, [English] We still have far to go today; Good night, good night, Shit in your bed and make it burst; [[6]] Good night, sleep tight, And stick your ass to your mouth. [[2]]

Partially expurgated version
Bona nox! bist a rechter Ochs, bona notte, liebe Lotte; bonne nuit, pfui, pfui; good night, good night, heut' müßma noch weit; gute Nacht, gute Nacht, 's wird höchste Zeit, gute Nacht, schlaf' fei g'sund und bleib' recht kugelrund.	Bona nox! You're quite an ox; Good night, My dear Lotte; Good night, Fie, fie; Good night, good night, We still have far to go today; Good night, good night, 'Tis highest time, good night, Sleep very well and Stay perfectly rotund.

Completely expurgated version[7]
Gute Nacht! bis der Tag erwacht! Alle Sorgen, ruht bis morgen! Euch gute Nacht! Schlaf wohl! schliess(t) nur die Augen (jetzt) zu, schlaf mein Liebchen, fein sanft, schlaf in guter Ruh, gute Nacht! Schlaft fein süss, bis nun der Tag erwacht!	Good night! Until the morning breaks! All you sorrows, Rest till morrow! Good night to you! Sleep well! Close the eyes now fast, Sleep, my darling, Very gently, sleep resting well, Good night! Have sweet dreams, Until the morning breaks!

Reception

The completely expurgated version found widespread distribution in traditional German Hausmusik.[8]

gollark: Nobody else did, so I felt smugly superior for a few minutes before a backup was loaded.

gollark: Luckily, I had contingency plans in place and shunted my storage to my backup end base.

gollark: The computer controlling a draconic reactor failed, and a simultaneous configuration issue somehow resulted in the big explosion option being (re)enabled, so spawn was destroyed.

gollark: Oh, we had that on CodersNet.

gollark: I haven't destroyed MANY worlds, myself.

References

NMA score, Introduction, p. VIII
Neal Zaslaw, William Cowdery (1990). The Compleat Mozart: a Guide to the Musical Works of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, p. 105. ISBN 0-393-02886-0. "in Viennese dialect".
Osborne, Charles (ed.) (1966). Opera 66, p. 219. Alan Ross. ASIN B000GJAHB2.
Journal of Folklore Research 40.1 (2003) 33–70, Indiana University Press, Wolfgang Mieder: "Now I Sit Like a Rabbit in the Pepper": Proverbial Language in the Letters of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, p. 44
Spengler. "The pope, the musicians and the Jews", Asia Times.
Spaethling, Robert (2000). Mozart's Letters, Mozart's Life: Selected Letters, p. 18. ISBN 0-393-04719-9. From a German children's rhyme that is still contemporary in southern Germany: "Gute Nacht, scheiß ins Bett daß'kracht".
Holger Mario Stüwe: Critical Report, p. b/65
"Bona nox" in 34 German song books

External links

"Bona nox! bist a rechta Ox": Score in the Neue Mozart-Ausgabe
"Bona nox! bist a rechta Ochs", score (for unknown reasons in G major) at the Choral Public Domain Library (ChoralWiki)
Animated lyrics (expurgated) at the Scratch Project of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology

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[1] NMA score, Introduction, p. VIII

[Compleat-2] Neal Zaslaw, William Cowdery (1990). The Compleat Mozart: a Guide to the Musical Works of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, p. 105. ISBN 0-393-02886-0. "in Viennese dialect".

[3] Osborne, Charles (ed.) (1966). Opera 66, p. 219. Alan Ross. ASIN B000GJAHB2.

[4] Journal of Folklore Research 40.1 (2003) 33–70, Indiana University Press, Wolfgang Mieder: "Now I Sit Like a Rabbit in the Pepper": Proverbial Language in the Letters of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, p. 44

[5] Spengler. "The pope, the musicians and the Jews", Asia Times.

[6] Spaethling, Robert (2000). Mozart's Letters, Mozart's Life: Selected Letters, p. 18. ISBN 0-393-04719-9. From a German children's rhyme that is still contemporary in southern Germany: "Gute Nacht, scheiß ins Bett daß'kracht".

[7] Holger Mario Stüwe: Critical Report, p. b/65

[8] "Bona nox" in 34 German song books