Boloria titania

Boloria titania, the Titania's fritillary or purple bog fritillary, is a butterfly of the subfamily Heliconiinae of the family Nymphalidae.

Boloria titania
Dorsal view
Ventral view
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Nymphalidae
Genus: Boloria
Species:
B. titania
Binomial name
Boloria titania
(Esper, 1793)
Synonyms
  • Clossiana titania
  • Boloria (clossiana) titania

Description

The adult is a small fritillary with typically chequered orange-brown upperside and a marginal row of triangles and dots. The length of the forewings is 21–23 mm. The underside has brown pearly spots and triangular markings at the edge of the hindwings.

Description in Seitz

A. amathusia Esp. (= diana Hbn., titania Esp., dia major Esp.) (68e). Above similar to large specimens of euphrasyne. The hindwing beneath very characteristic, being strongly variegated with purple, its distal band deeply dentate on both sides and bearing purple-brown partly pale-centred dots. In the nymotypical form the forewing beneath also shows at the distal margin pointed teeth which project far on to the disc... In the Alps. — bivina Fruhst. is the eastern European form; smaller, paler, with somewhat thinner lilac markings; darker beneath, the median band of the hindwing more uniformly yellow, not being variegated with red; from Saratow. — In sibirica Stgr. (68f) the band occupying the distal area much less deeply and more evenly indented on both sides; from the mountains of South-West Siberia.[1]

  • Dosal side
  • Ventral side

Distribution

This species is present in the Palearctic ecozone.[2] from central Europe to Siberia and the Altai. In Europe it forms small isolates in the Alps , Southern Finland and Latvia , Poland and the Balkans.

Subspecies
  • Clossiana titania titania
  • Clossiana titania bivina (Fruhstorfer, 1908) central and southern Europe
  • Clossiana titania miyakei (Matsumura, 1919) Sakhalin, Amur
  • Clossiana titania staudingeri (Wnukowsky, 1929) southern Siberia[3]

Biology

The butterfly flies in subalpine meadows from June to August depending on the location. The larvae feed on Viola species, Vaccinium uliginosum, Bistorta major, Filipendula ulmaria and Trollius asiaticus.[3]

gollark: Then we upload the decision into metaapiohypercryo²infraspace.
gollark: Then we just wait several days to be annoying.
gollark: 0.00032fs or so typically.
gollark: GTech™ has to simulate all possible universes resulting from all possible acceptance/rejection decisions *and* timings of them, and this does take a while.
gollark: Some of the process might slightly involve sleepsort.

References
  1. Seitz. A. in Seitz, A. ed. Band 1: Abt. 1, Die Großschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen Tagfalter, 1909, 379 Seiten, mit 89 kolorierten Tafeln (3470 Figuren) This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  2. Fauna Europaea
  3. "Clossiana Reuss, 1920" Archived 2017-03-01 at the Wayback Machine at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
  • Guide des papillons d'Europe et d'Afrique du Nord, Delachaux et Niestlé, Tom Tolman, Richard Lewington


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