Biocytin

Biocytin is a chemical compound that is an amide formed from the vitamin biotin and the amino acid L-lysine. As an intermediate in the metabolism of biotin, biocytin occurs naturally in blood serum and urine.

Biocytin[1]

Names
IUPAC name (2S)-6-[5-[(3aS,4S,6aR)-2-Oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanoylamino]-2-aminohexanoic acid
Other names Biotinyl-L-lysine; Nε-(+)-Biotinyl-L-lysine
Identifiers
CAS Number	576-19-2^Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
Abbreviations	Bct
ChEBI	CHEBI:27870^Y
ChemSpider	75634^Y
PubChem CID	7098660
UNII	G6D6147J22^Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID30973172
InChI InChI=1S/C16H28N4O4S/c17-10(15(22)23)5-3-4-8-18-13(21)7-2-1-6-12-14-11(9-25-12)19-16(24)20-14/h10-12,14H,1-9,17H2,(H,18,21)(H,22,23)(H2,19,20,24)/t10-,11-,12-,14-/m0/s1^Y Key: BAQMYDQNMFBZNA-MNXVOIDGSA-N^Y InChI=1/C16H28N4O4S/c17-10(15(22)23)5-3-4-8-18-13(21)7-2-1-6-12-14-11(9-25-12)19-16(24)20-14/h10-12,14H,1-9,17H2,(H,18,21)(H,22,23)(H2,19,20,24)/t10-,11-,12-,14-/m0/s1 Key: BAQMYDQNMFBZNA-MNXVOIDGBH
SMILES O=C1N[C@@H]2[C@@H](SC[C@@H]2N1)CCCCC(=O)NCCCC[C@@H](C(=O)O)N
Properties
Chemical formula	C16H28N4O4S
Molar mass	372.48 g·mol^−1
Melting point	~245 °C
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is ^YN ?)
Infobox references

The enzyme biotinidase cleaves biocytin and makes biotin available to be reused by other enzymes. Because biocytin is the natural substrate of the enzyme biotinidase, biocytin can be used to measure the biotinidase activity and therefore diagnose biotinidase deficiency.

Biocytin is also used in scientific research as a histological stain for nerve cells.[2]

References

1. Biocytin at Sigma-Aldrich
2. Mishra, Anurag; Dhingra, Kirti; Schüz, Almut; Logothetis, Nikos K.; Canals, Santiago (2010). "Improved Neuronal Tract Tracing with Stable Biocytin-Derived Neuroimaging Agents". ACS Chemical Neuroscience. 1 (2): 129. doi:10.1021/cn900010d. PMC 3368650. PMID 22778821.