Beulah Boyd Ritchie

Anna Beulah Boyd Ritchie (March 24, 1864 – October 4, 1939), was a founding member of the Fairmont Woman Suffrage Club (later the Fairmont Political Equality Club), third president of the West Virginia Equal Suffrage Association, and officer in the West Virginia Woman's Christian Temperance Union.

Beulah Boyd Ritchie
Born
Anna Beulah Boyd

March 24, 1864
Wheeling, West Virginia
DiedOctober 4, 1939
Conewango, Pennsylvania
OccupationSuffragist, temperance leader, clubwoman, educator, librarian
Spouse(s)Charles Marcene Ritchie (1869-1957)
Parent(s)Annie Boyd Caldwell (1842-1918) and Judge George Edmund Boyd (1839-1913)

Background

Born on March 24, 1864, Anna Beulah Boyd was the eldest child of suffragists Annie Boyd Caldwell and Judge George Edmund Boyd. She was raised in Wheeling, West Virginia. She graduated from Wooster University (now Wooster College) in Ohio with a bachelor's and master's degree. She was a member of the Kappa Kappa Gamma sorority there.[1] She taught for two years at Carthage College in Missouri.[2] She then moved back to Wheeling where she taught public school for two years. She then taught at the Fairmont State Normal School (now Fairmont State University) where for three years (1890-1893) she taught drawing, physical geography, botany, natural history, zoology and physiology.[3]

She married Charles Marcene Ritchie (1869-1957) on June 3, 1893. The next year they had their one child: Jean Boyd Ritchie Hoagland (1894-1980).

Suffrage work

In late November 1895, the National American Woman Suffrage Association helped organize a convention at Grafton, West Virginia where the West Virginia Equal Suffrage Association was founded. Beulah Boyd Ritchie presented on the second day a presentation about woman suffrage entitled, "Does the Working Woman Need It?"[4] The following evening, on November 28, 1895, NAWSA's Rev. Henrietta Moore presented a lecture in the Fairmont Normal School hall, and afterwards about fifty women formed the Fairmont Woman Suffrage Club (later the Fairmont Political Equality Club). Ritchie was elected the corresponding secretary of this local suffrage club.

Ritchie's leadership in the suffrage movement included a close connection with NAWSA's Carrie Chapman Catt who was the keynote speaker at the 1897 WVESA convention. Ritche was elected recording secretary of the state organization at that meeting. In the fall of 1899, Fairmont again hosted the state suffrage convention and again featuring Carrie Chapman Catt. Ritchie was elected president at that meeting. Catt wrote in the National Suffrage Bulletin: “Mrs. Ritchie is young, enthusiastic and intelligent. The work in the State is in promising condition and the Association will undoubtedly increase in membership the coming year.”[5]

Ritchie led campaigns to get a NAWSA representative (Rev. Anna Shaw) to speak before the legislature, collected nearly 600 signed membership cards, a partial suffrage bill that her father championed in the House of Delegates and another one for presidential suffrage(though both were defeated), publications in local newspapers and personal letters to each member of the legislature.

Ritchie stepped down as WVESA president at the state convention in August 1904 at Moundsville, West Virginia but was retained on the Executive Board as vice-president at-large.[6]

She remained as president of the Fairmont Political Equality Club (PEC), and she also began her leadership role in the Fairmont Woman's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) chapter, taking on the chairmanship of the Franchise Department in 1903. By 1907 she became corresponding secretary for the state WCTU.[7]

In 1911, at the WVESA state suffrage convention hosted by Ritchie and the Fairmont PEC, Richie was elected to serve as a delegate to the NAWSA convention. She was re-elected to this position for several years thereafter, attending the NAWSA conventions regularly.

For several weeks in 1913, as the West Virginia legislature prepared to meet, Richie organized public speakers to support a woman suffrage bill. This attempt gained a majority in both houses of the legislature but not the required two-thirds to send it to the state voters as a referendum to change the state constitution. Ritchie also attended the march in Washington D.C. As she told the story to a reporter several years later, she remembered that when the men in the crowds saw the West Virginia women's banner, they started calling them “'coal diggers,' and 'snake hunters' as well as other names."[8]

In the fall of 1916, Ritchie again took the lead in Fairmont to try and push a suffrage bill through the legislature, but by then the anti-suffragist contingent was in full force. A referendum to change the state constitution went to the voters, and the suffrage amendment was defeated in a landslide.[9]

In February 1920 Governor John J. Cornwell called a special session of the legislature, ostensibly to debate a new tax bill but included on the agenda ratification of the new federal amendment for woman suffrage recently passed by Congress. Ritchie, serving as an officer in the Fairmont Woman's Club, signed up as a member of the WVESA's State Advisory Committee to support Lenna Lowe Yost's Ratification Committee as they lobbied the legislators one-on-one to vote to ratify the Susan B. Anthony Amendment. On March 10 both houses had approved the ratification bill, and West Virginia became the thirty-fourth of the thirty-six states needed for ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

Illness and death

By the fall of 1918, Ritchie was working as a librarian at the Fairmont City Library.[10] She stopped working in 1920 when the library shut down, and for the 1930 Census she identified herself as keeping house, as her husband was by then working as the county assessor.

She underwent a radical mastectomy for her right breast in 1935, and she died in the Warren State Hospital in Conewango, Pennsylvania from complications of cancer on October 4, 1939.[11] She is buried in the Woodlawn Cemetery in Fairmont, West Virginia near her family.[12]

gollark: Because if you collect enough groups of dragons the probabilities are such that you're eventually likely to end up with one with only one gender?
gollark: I'm trying to trade for CB Xenowyrms: what stuff is generally considered to be worth that?
gollark: How do you know?
gollark: Ah, yes, very dragony.
gollark: Exactly!

See also

References
  1. Leondard, John William, ed. (1914). "Ritchie, Beulah Boyd". Woman's Who's Who of America ... 1914-1915. New York: The American Commonwealth Co. p. 690. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  2. "Boyd, Miss Beulah, teacher, Carthage College". Emery’s Carthage [Missouri] City Directory, 1888. Carthage, Missouri: C. Emery. 1888. p. 42. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  3. Annual Catalogue and Circular of the Fairmont State Normal School at Fairmont, Marion County, W.Va. for the School Year Ending June 15, 1893, Charleston, W. Va. Charleston, W.Va.: Moses W. Donnallyl, Public Printer. 1893. p. 5. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  4. "State Woman's Suffrage Club". Wheeling [W.Va.] Register. November 29, 1895. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  5. "Notes from the Field". National Suffrage Bulletin [New York]. 5 (3): 1–2. November 1899. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  6. "Fairmont Gets It". The Fairmont West Virginian. August 11, 1904. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  7. "State W.C.T.U. Meets at Salem". The Fairmont West Virginian. October 12, 1907. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  8. Stone, Elizabeth (August 19, 1920). "Fairmont Women Among the First to Come Out Openly for the Equal Suffrage Cause". The Fairmont West Virginian. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  9. "Fighting the Long Fight: West Virginia Women and the Right to Vote". West Virginia Archives and History. West Virginia Department of Arts, Culture and History. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  10. "New Librarian at Public Library". The West Virginian, Fairmont. September 14, 1918.
  11. "Beulah B. Ritchie" Certificate of Death, File No. 92255, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (Accessed via Ancestry.com)
  12. "Anna Beulah Boyd Ritchie". FindAGrave.com. Retrieved 27 April 2020.

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