Cercidoideae

Cercidoideae is a subfamily in the pea family, Fabaceae. Well-known members include Cercis (redbuds), including species widely cultivated as ornamental trees in the United States and Europe, Bauhinia, widely cultivated as an ornamental tree in tropical Asia, and Tylosema esculentum (Marama bean), a traditional food crop in Africa. The subfamily occupies a basal position within the Fabaceae and is supported as monophyletic in many molecular phylogenies.[2][3][4][5][6][7] At the 6th International Legume Conference, the Legume Phylogeny Working Group proposed elevating the tribe Cercidae to the level of subfamily within the Leguminosae (Fabaceae).[8] The consensus agreed to the change, which was fully implemented in 2017.[1] It has the following clade-based definition:

The most inclusive crown clade containing Cercis canadensis L. and Bauhinia divaricata L. but not Poeppigia procera C.Presl, Duparquetia orchidacea Baill., or Bobgunnia fistuloides (Harms) J.H.Kirkbr. & Wiersema.[1]

Cercidoideae
Cercis siliquastrum
Phanera variegata
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Cercidoideae
Legume Phylogeny Working Group[1]
Type genus
Cercis
L.
Genera

See text

Synonyms
  • Bauhiniaceae Martynov 1820
  • Cerceae Bronn 1822
  • Cercideae Bronn 1822

Many genera show unique palynology.[9][10]

Genera
Lysiphyllum hookeri
Bauhinia divaricata

Cercidoideae comprises the following genera[1][11][12] organized into subtribes:[13]

Cercideae

Bauhinieae

Extinct
  • †Bauhcis Calvillo-Canadell and Cevallos-Ferriz[14]

Phylogeny

Molecular phylogenetics suggest the following relationships:[11]

Fabales
 

Detarioideae (outgroup)

 
 
 

Cercis

 
 
 

Adenolobus

 
 
 

Griffonia

 
 
 

Gigasiphon

 
 
 
 
 

Lysiphyllum

 
 
 

Lasiobema

 
 

Phanera

 
 
 
 

Schnella[13]

 
 

Barklya

 
 
 

Tylosema

 
 
 
 
 

Piliostigma

 
 
 

Brenierea

 
 

Bauhinia sensu stricto

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Notes
  1. Some sources treat Lasiobema as a synonym of Phanera.
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References
  1. The Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG). (2017). "A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny". Taxon. 66 (1): 44–77. doi:10.12705/661.3.
  2. Doyle JJ, Chappill JA, Bailey CD, Kajita T (2000). "Towards a comprehensive phylogeny of legumes: Evidence from rbcL sequences and non-molecular data". In Herendeen PS, Bruneau A (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 9. Kew, UK: Royal Botanic Gardens. pp. 1–20. ISBN 184246017X.
  3. Bruneau A, Forest F, Herendeen PS, Klitgaard BB, Lewis GP (2001). "Phylogenetic Relationships in the Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae) as Inferred from Chloroplast trnL Intron Sequences". Syst Bot. 26 (3): 487–514. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.487 (inactive 2020-05-21).
  4. Davis CC, Fritsch PW, Li J, Donoghue MJ (2002). "Phylogeny and Biogeography of Cercis (Fabaceae): Evidence from Nuclear Ribosomal ITS and Chloroplast ndhF Sequence Data". Syst Bot. 27 (2): 289–302. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-27.2.289 (inactive 2020-05-21).
  5. Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M, Sanderson MJ (2004). "A phylogeny of legumes (Leguminosae) based on analysis of the plastid matK gene resolves many well-supported subclades within the family". Am J Bot. 91 (11): 1846–62. doi:10.3732/ajb.91.11.1846. PMID 21652332. S2CID 13934619.
  6. Bruneau A, Mercure M, Lewis GP, Herendeen PS (2008). "Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes". Botany. 86 (7): 697–718. doi:10.1139/b08-058.
  7. LPWG [Legume Phylogeny Working Group] (2013). "Legume phylogeny and classification in the 21st century: progress, prospects and lessons for other species-rich clades" (PDF). Taxon. 62 (2): 217–248. doi:10.12705/622.8.
  8. LPWG [Legume Phylogeny Working Group] (2013). "Towards a new classification system for legumes: Progress report from the 6th International Legume Conference". S Afr J Bot. 89: 3–9. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2013.07.022.
  9. Banks H, Forest F, Lewis GP (2013). "Palynological contribution to the systematics and taxonomy of Bauhinia s.l. (Leguminosae: Cercideae)". South African Journal of Botany. 89: 219–226. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2013.07.028.
  10. Banks H, Forest F, Lewis GP (2014). "Evolution and diversity of pollen morphology in tribe Cercideae (Leguminosae)". Taxon. 63 (2): 299–314. doi:10.12705/632.37.
  11. Sinou C, Forest F, Lewis GP, Bruneau A (2009). "The genus Bauhinia s.l. (Leguminosae): A phylogeny based on the plastid trnL–trnF region". Botany. 87 (10): 947–960. doi:10.1139/B09-065.
  12. Wunderlin RP (2010). "Reorganization of the Cercideae (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae)" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 48: 1–5.
  13. Wunderlin RP (2010). "Reorganization of the Cercideae (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae)" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 48: 1–5.
  14. Calvillo-Canadell L, Cevallos-Ferriz SR (2002). "Bauhcis moranii gen. et sp. nov. (Cercideae, Caesalpinieae), an Oligocene plant from Tepexi de Rodríguez, Puebla, Mex., with leaf architecture similar to Bauhinia and Cercis". Rev Palaeobot Palynol. 122 (3–4): 171–184. doi:10.1016/S0034-6667(02)00135-5.
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