Balc of Moldavia
Balc (Hungarian: Balk)[1] was, according to many historians (e.g., Alexandru Dimitrie Xenopol, Ştefan Pascu), the third voivode of Moldavia, ruling in ca. 1359 or 1364, but the sequence of the voivodes listed in the Slavo-Romanian chronicles does not refer to him.[2][3] He was the son of Sas, the second voivode of Moldavia.[2]
| Balc | |
|---|---|
| (?) Voivode in Moldavia | |
| Reign | 1359 or 1364 |
| Predecessor | Sas |
| Successor | Bogdan I |
| Died | (?) 1399 |
| Dynasty | House of Dragoș |
| Father | Sas |
Although Balc was the legitimate pretender to the throne, Bogdan, who had been voivode in Maramureş, crossed the Carpathian Mountains into Moldavia possibly immediately after the death of Sas, before Balc was able to consolidate his reign.[2][3] In Moldavia, Bogdan joined local forces opposed to the Hungarian monarchy.[3]
Balc fought valiantly at the head of his men, but he was severely wounded and lost several members of his family and retinue.[2] Following his defeat, Balc fled Moldavia for Hungary.[1]
According to a diploma issued on February 2, 1365, King Louis I of Hungary (1342–1382) gave Cuhea and other possessions in Maramureş to Balc and his brothers for their faith towards their sovereign and particularly for their devoted behavior in Moldavia.[1] The domains around Cuhea had belonged to Bogdan, but the king had confiscated them in order to compensate Balc and his brothers for the loss of the state east of the Carpathians.[2]
Later, Balc became the head of Szatmár (Sătmar), Ugocsa and Máramaros (Maramureş) counties in the Kingdom of Hungary, and he was also invested with the title of Count of the Székelys.[4]
References
- Vásáry, István. Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185-1365.
- Spinei, Victor. Moldavia in the 11th-14th Centuries.
- Treptow, Kurt W.; Popa, Marcel. Historical Dictionary of Romania.
- Engel, Pál. Magyarország világi archontológiája (1301-1457).
Sources
- Engel, Pál: Magyarország világi archontológiája (1301-1457) /The Temporal Archontology of Hungary (1301–1457)/; História - MTA Történettudományi Intézete, 1996, Budapest; ISBN 963-8312-43-2.
- Spinei, Victor: Moldavia in the 11th-14th Centuries; Editura Academiei Republicii Socialiste România, 1986, Bucharest
- Treptow, Kurt W. – Popa, Marcel: Historical Dictionary of Romania (the list ‘Rulers of Romania – Moldavia’); The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 1996, Lanham (Maryland, US) & Folkestone (UK); ISBN 0-8108-3179-1
- Vásáry, István: Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185-1365; Cambridge University Press, 2005, Cambridge; ISBN 0-521-83756-1
Balc of Moldavia Died: (?) 1399 | ||
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Sas |
(?) Voivode in Moldavia c. 1359/1364 |
Succeeded by Bogdan I |
| Preceded by László Bebek |
Count of Szatmár County 1377–1388 |
Succeeded by Péter Perényi |
| Preceded by András Kölcsei |
Count of Ugocsa County 1377–1398 |
Succeeded by Péter Perényi |
| Preceded by Simon Meggyesi |
Count of Máramaros County 1378–1382 |
Succeeded by György Jakcs |
| Preceded by Dezső Serkei |
Count of Máramaros County 1385–1399 |
Succeeded by Péter Perényi |
| Preceded by Miklós Losonci |
Count of the Székelys 1387–1390 |
Succeeded by János Bélteki |