Bailén

Bailén
Bailén
	Municipality
	Parish church of the Incarnation.
	Flag Coat of arms
	Bailén Location in Spain Bailén Bailén (Andalusia) Bailén Bailén (Spain)
	Coordinates: 38°5′N 3°46′W
Country	Spain
Autonomous community	Andalusia
Province	Jaén
Comarca	Sierra Morena
Government
• Mayor	Luis Mariano Camacho Núñez
Area
• Total	117.6 km2 (45.4 sq mi)
Elevation	343 m (1,125 ft)
Population (2018)[1]
• Total	17,820
• Density	150/km2 (390/sq mi)
Demonym(s)	Bailenenses
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	23710
Website	Official website

Bailén (archaically known as Baylen in English) is a town in the province of Jaén, Spain.

History

Bailén is probably the ancient Baecula, where the Romans, under Scipio the elder, signally defeated the Carthaginians in 209 and 206 B.C. In its neighbourhood, also, in 1212, was fought the great Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, in which, according to the ancient chroniclers, the Castilians under Alphonso VIII, slew 200,000 Almohads, and themselves only lost 25 men. Although this estimate is absurd, the victory of the Christians was complete.[2]

There is a convent that dates from 729.

In 1808, during the Peninsular War, it was the site of a series of clashes (the Battle of Bailén) at which General Castaños defeated General Pierre Dupont.[3] The capitulation, signed at Andújar by Dupont on the 23rd of July 1808, involved the surrender of 17,000 men to the Spaniards, and was the first severe blow suffered by the French in the Peninsular War.[2]

Economy

The town has many quarries, resulting in a reputation for craft products.

Significant Births

Felipe de Neve Founder of Los Angeles, California.
Gregorio Manzano Football coach.

Twin towns

Móstoles, Spain
Spétses, Greece
Yapeyú, Argentina

Notes

Municipal Register of Spain 2018. National Statistics Institute.
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Bailén". Encyclopædia Britannica. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 217.
Chandler, p. 618

gollark: Well, mine has a GPU.

gollark: If you want a tablet comparable to your actual computer thing™, you'll pay more for it.

gollark: Tablets are generally worse in various ways because people are used to that (and use it more for media consumption than anything heavier).

gollark: Oh, I guess that's maybe also a thing.

gollark: Yes, the light laptop needs to use more specialized materials and optimize for weight over cost in other ways.

References

Chandler, David G. (1994). The Campaigns of Napoleon. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 0-297-81367-6.

External links

Bicentenario de la Batalla de Bailen

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[1] Municipal Register of Spain 2018. National Statistics Institute.

[EB1911-2] One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Bailén". Encyclopædia Britannica. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 217.

[3] Chandler, p. 618