BMW M30

The BMW M30 is a SOHC straight-six petrol engine which was produced from 1968 to 1995. With a production run of 27 years, it is BMW's longest produced engine and was used in many car models.

BMW M30 engine
Overview
Production1968–1995
Layout
ConfigurationStraight-6
Displacement2.5–3.4 L (153–207 cu in)
Block materialCast iron
Head materialAluminium
ValvetrainSOHC
Combustion
Fuel typePetrol
Chronology
PredecessorBMW M337
SuccessorBMW M50

The first models to use the M30 engine were the BMW 2500 and 2800 sedans. The initial M30 models were produced in displacements of 2,494–2,986 cc (152.2–182.2 cu in), with later versions having displacements of up to 3,430 cc (209.3 cu in).[1] As per the BMW M10 four-cylinder engine from which the M30 was developed, the M30 has an iron block, an aluminium head and an overhead camshaft with two valves per cylinder.

The engine was given the nicknames of 'Big Six' and 'Senior Six', following the introduction of the smaller BMW M20 straight-six engine in the late 1970s. The M30 was produced alongside the M20 throughout the M20's production, and prior to the introduction of the BMW M70 V12 engine in 1987, the M30 was BMW's most powerful and largest regular production engine.

Following the introduction of the BMW M50 engine in 1990, the M30 began to be phased out.

Ward's have rated the M30 as one of the "Top Engines of the 20th Century".[2]

Design

The M30 was originally developed in the late 1960s, loosely based on the BMW M10 four-cylinder engine first used in the BMW New Class sedans and coupes.[3](p70) Initially, the engine code was "M06", until it was later renamed the M30.[4][5]

Common features between the M10 and M30 include a profile lowering 30-degree slant to the right, a crossflow cylinder head (a gas flow head in later designs) and chain-driven camshaft with rocker arm valve actuation.[6] Further similarities include a cast-iron block with an aluminium head and a forged crankshaft. The first two M30 engines introduced were the 2,788 cc (170.1 cu in) and the 2,494 cc (152.2 cu in) versions, which both used an 86 mm (3.39 in) bore.[3]

M90 engine
Main article: BMW M88 § M90

The M90 engine, used in several models from 1979-1982, combines the block from the motorsports BMW M88 DOHC engine with the M30's SOHC cylinder head.

Versions
VersionDisplacementPower outputTorqueYear
M30B25V2,494 cc (152.2 cu in)110 kW (148 bhp)
at 6,000 rpm		211 N⋅m (156 lb⋅ft)
at 3,700 rpm		1968
M30B25215 N⋅m (159 lb⋅ft)
at 3,700 rpm		1981
M30B28V2,788 cc (170.1 cu in)125 kW (168 bhp)
at 6,000 rpm		235 N⋅m (173 lb⋅ft)
at 3,700		1968
M30B28135 kW (181 bhp)
at 5,800 rpm		240 N⋅m (177 lb⋅ft)
at 4,200 rpm		1977
M30B30V2,986 cc (182.2 cu in)132 kW (177 bhp)
at 6,000 rpm		255 N⋅m (188 lb⋅ft)
at 3,700 rpm		1971
M30B30149 kW (200 bhp)
at 5,500 rpm		272 N⋅m (201 lb⋅ft)
at 4,300 rpm		1971
M30B323,210 cc (195.9 cu in)147 kW (197 bhp)
at 5,500 rpm		285 N⋅m (210 lb⋅ft)
at 4,300 rpm		1976
M30B33V3,295 cc (201.1 cu in)139 kW (186 bhp)
at 5,500 rpm		289 N⋅m (213 lb⋅ft)
at 3,500 rpm		1973
M30B343,430 cc (209.3 cu in)160 kW (215 bhp)
at 5,800 rpm		310 N⋅m (229 lb⋅ft)
at 4,200 rpm		1982
M30B35155 kW (208 bhp)
at 5,700 rpm		305 N⋅m (225 lb⋅ft)
at 4,000 rpm		1988

M30B25V
BMW M30 with carburettor
in BMW Museum
M30 production in Munich
M30 production in Munich

The first 2,494 cc (152.2 cu in) version of the M30 was introduced in the 1968 E3 2500. This version uses dual Solex Zenith 35/40 INAT carburettors, has a compression ratio of 9.0:1 and produces 110 kW (148 bhp) in most applications. It has a bore of 86 mm (3.39 in) and a stroke of 86 mm × 71.6 mm (3.39 in × 2.82 in).

The M30B25 has previously been called the M06 and M68, prior to BMW retroactively renaming it the M30B25V (V for Vergaser- carburettor in German).[7]

Applications:

  • 1968–1977 E3 2500
  • 1974–1975 E9 2.5 CS
  • 1973–1976 E12 525 — 107 kW (143 bhp), Solex 4A1 carburettor
  • 1976–1981 E12 525
  • 1977–1979 E23 725[8]

M30B25

In 1981, Bosch L-Jetronic electronic fuel injection was added to the 2,494 cc (152.2 cu in) version. Peak power remained unchanged at 110 kW (148 bhp), however torque increased slightly to 215 N⋅m (159 lb⋅ft).

Applications:

M30B28V

The M30B28V version produces up to 125 kW (168 bhp) and 235 N⋅m (173 lb⋅ft),[3](p77) depending on the model year, carburettor and country. It has a compression ratio of 9.0:1 and initially used dual Zenith 35/40 INAT carburettors. The bore is 86 mm (3.39 in) and the stroke is 86 mm × 80 mm (3.39 in × 3.15 in).

This version has also been known as the M06 and M68, prior to BMW renaming it the M30B28V.

Applications:

  • 1968-1977 E3 2800 / 2.8L — 125 kW (168 bhp)[12][13]
  • 1968-1971 E9 2800 CS
  • 1971-1971 E3 Bavaria — United States only
  • 1974-1976 E12 528 — 121 kW (162 bhp), dual Zenith INAT carburettors[14](p89)[15][16]
  • 1976-1978 E12 528 — 125 kW (168 bhp), Solex 4A1 carburettor[17](p25)
  • 1977-1979 E23 728 — 125 kW (168 bhp), Solex 4A1 carburettor[18]

M30B28

In 1977, Bosch L-Jetronic electronic fuel injection was added to the 2,788 cc (170.1 cu in) version.[13] Power increased to 135 kW (181 bhp) and torque increased to 240 N⋅m (177 lb⋅ft).

  • 1977-1978 E12 528i — North America only, 129 kW (173 bhp), 9.0:1 compression ratio[19]
  • 1978-1981 E12 528i
  • 1979-1986 E23 728i
  • 1979-1987 E24 628CSi
  • 1981-1987 E28 528i[20]

M30B30V

Based on the M30B28V version with a 3 mm (0.12 in) larger bore, the M30B30V produces 132 kW (177 bhp) and 255 N⋅m (188 lb⋅ft),[21][22] uses dual Zenith 35/40 INAT carburettors and has a compression ratio of 9.0:1.

Applications:

  • 1971-1975 E9 3.0 CS
  • 1971-1972 E9 3.0 CSL
  • 1971-1974 E3 3.0 S / 3.0 L / Bavaria
  • 1976-1979 E24 630 CS — 136 kW (182 bhp), Pierburg 4A1 carburetor[13][23]
  • 1977-1979 E23 730 — 135 kW (181 bhp), Solex 4 A 1 carburettor[24]

M30B30

The fuel injected version of the 2,986 cc (182.2 cu in) M30 debuted in 1971 in the E9 3.0 CSi and initially used the Bosch D-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection system.[25] In 1976, the fuel injection system was upgraded to Bosch L-Jetronic electronic fuel injection.[25] The M30B30 produces up to 149 kW (200 bhp) and 272 N⋅m (201 lb⋅ft),[26][27] depending on the model year and whether a catalytic converter is fitted. The compression ratio is 9.5:1.

Applications:

  • 1971-1975 E9 3.0 CSi — 149 kW (200 bhp)
  • 1972-1973 E9 3.0 CSL — 149 kW (200 bhp)
  • 1972-1975 E3 3.0 Si — 147 kW (197 bhp)
  • 1975-1978 E12 530i — North America only, 131 kW (176 bhp)[28]
  • 1976-1976 E12 530 MLE — South Africa only, 147 kW (197 bhp)[29]
  • 1977-1978 E24 630CSi — North America only, 129 kW (173 bhp)[30]
  • 1986-1995 E32 730i — 138 kW (185 bhp)[31][32]
  • 1988-1990 E34 530i — 138 kW (185 bhp)

M30B32

Despite having a capacity of 3,210 cc (195.9 cu in), this engine appeared in many cars badged so as to suggest 3.3 L (201 cu in) of displacement- such as the 633i, 3.3 Li, and 733i. The compression ratio is 8.8:1. In the E24 633CSi coupe, the M30B32 uses Bosch L-Jetronic electronic fuel injection.[13] The US version used L-Jetronic from 1978 until mid-1981, changing over to Motronic digital fuel injection in June of that year. The 1979 732i is BMW's first use of Bosch's Motronic fuel injection.[33] The bore is 89 mm (3.50 in) and the stroke is 86 mm (3.39 in).

Applications:

  • 1973-1975 E9 3.0 CSL — 152 kW (204 bhp), 3,153 cc (192.4 cu in)
  • 1976-1984 E24 633CSi — 145–147 kW (194–197 bhp) in Euro spec, 128–130 kW (172–174 bhp) in USA spec
  • 1976-1979 E3 3.3 Li — 147 kW (197 bhp)[34]
  • 1977-1984 E23 733i — 147 kW (197 bhp) in Euro spec,[35] 130–145 kW (174–194 bhp) in USA spec
  • 1979-1981 E12 533i — North America only, 135 kW (181 bhp)[36]
  • 1979-1986 E23 732i — 144 kW (193 bhp)
  • 1982-1984 E28 533i — North America only, 135 kW (181 bhp)
  • 1984-1986 E30 333i — South Africa only, 145 kW (194 bhp)

M30B33V

The carburetted M30B33 produces 139 kW (186 bhp) and 289 N⋅m (213 lb⋅ft).[37] It has a bore of 89 mm (3.50 in) and a stroke of 88 mm (3.46 in).

Applications:

M30B34

The M30B34 engines sold in Europe and most other markets used a 10.0:1 compression ratio and produced 160 kW (215 bhp).[39] In North America and Japan, the M30B34 used an 8.0:1 compression ratio and produced 136 kW (182 bhp).[40] In all markets, the Bosch Motronic digital fuel injection system was used. The bore is 92 mm (3.62 in) and the stroke is 86 mm (3.39 in).

Applications:

  • 1982-1987 E23 735i / L7
  • 1982-1987 E24 635CSi / L6 — 163 kW (219 bhp) in Euro spec[13]
  • 1985-1988 E28 535i / 535is / M535i

M30B35
M30B35

This engine has a capacity of 3,430 cc (209.3 cu in), despite the "B35" model code. It produces 155 kW (208 bhp) and 305 N⋅m (225 lb⋅ft), has a compression ratio of 9.0:1 and uses Bosch Motronic 1.3 digital fuel injection.[13]

Applications:

Turbocharging

The M30 was the basis for the turbocharged M102 and M106 engines.

The Alpina B10 Biturbo used a modified version of the M30, with two turbochargers and forged pistons. Producing 265 kW (355 bhp) at 6000 rpm and 520 N⋅m (384 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm, the engine made this car the fastest sedan in the world. The final 50 M30 blocks were shipped to Alpina for use in the final 50 B10 Biturbos.[44]

M102

The M102 was produced from 1980 to 1982. It was BMW's first turbocharged six-cylinder engine.

The M102 (also known as M30B32LAE)[45] has a displacement of 3,210 cc (195.9 cu in).[46] The KKK K27 turbocharger produces 9 psi (0.62 bar) of boost[47] and an air-to-air intercooler is used.[48] The compression ratio is 7.0:1.[49]

The M102 produces 188 kW (252 bhp)[50] and was used in the E23 7 Series, in the model was designated "745i".[50] The M102 was not available in right-hand drive cars, leading to the South African 745i using the BMW M88 naturally aspirated DOHC straight-six engine instead.

Applications:

  • 1980–1982 E23 745i

M106

The M106 (also called M30B34MAE) replaced the M102 and was produced from 1982 to 1986.

Some of the M106's upgrades over its predecessor are a result of the M30B34 version of the M30, which was also released in 1982. These upgrades include Bosch Motronic engine management and an increased displacement to 3,430 cc (209.3 cu in). The compression ratio was increased from 7.0:1 to 8.0:1.[51][52]

Peak power output is the same 185 kW (248 bhp) as the M102,[53] however it occurs at lower RPM[52] and peak boost is reduced from 9 to 6 psi (0.62 to 0.41 bar).[54]

There was no direct successor to the M106, however BMW's next turbocharged petrol engine was the BMW N54, introduced in 2006.

Applications:

  • 1982-1986 E23 745i

Motorsport
E24 635 CSi Group A

The M30 powered a series of E9 CSL and E24 6 Series coupes to European Touring Car Championship (ETCC) throughout the 1970s and into the middle 1980s, even though a more powerful DOHC 24-valve head had been developed for high-performance motorsports and street use.

The BMW M88 high-performance engine is based on the M30 block.[55]

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gollark: I haven't been since 13:32ish.
gollark: What? I'm not CTCPing.
gollark: Lyricly, CEASE emitting muons.
gollark: Damage from cryonics is a mere (possibly 3 hard) engineering issue which will be fixed if it is fixable and technology keeps advancing.

See also
  • BMW
  • BMW M10, the four-cylinder engine that the M30 was based on.
  • BMW M20, the smaller straight-six engine which was sold alongside the M30 for many years.
  • BMW M88, the high-performance straight-six engine that was sold alongside the M30 from 1978-1989
  • BMW S38, the catalyzed version of— and ultimately the successor to— the M88, which was sold alongside the M30 from 1986-1995.
  • List of BMW engines

References
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  3. Becker, Clauspeter (1971), Logoz, Arthur (ed.), "BMW 2500/2800", Auto-Universum 1971 (in German), Zürich, Switzerland: Verlag Internationale Automobil-Parade AG, XIV
  4. "Bow Down To The E28 M5; Performance Cars Would Be Nothing Without It". www.carthrottle.com. Retrieved 1 December 2018.
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  12. "1975 BMW 2.8 L E3 specifications & stats". www.carfolio.com. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  13. Oswald, Werner (2001). Deutsche Autos 1945-1990, Band 4 (1 ed.). Stuttgart: Motorbuch Verlag. ISBN 3-613-02131-5.
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  45. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-11-15. Retrieved 2012-08-18.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  46. http://www.bmwheaven.com/database/engine.php?type=M30#/131
  47. http://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/car_info_bmw_745i_turbo.htm
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  53. http://www.bmwheaven.com/database/engine.php?type=M30#/135
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