Asaphodes helias

Asaphodes helias is a species of moth in the family Geometridae. It is endemic to New Zealand. It has been found in Canterbury, Otago and Southland.

Asaphodes helias
Male
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Geometridae
Genus: Asaphodes
Species:
A. helias
Binomial name
Asaphodes helias
(Meyrick, 1883)[1]
Synonyms[2]
  • Larentia helias Meyrick, 1883
  • Xanthorhoe helias (Meyrick, 1883)

Taxonomy

This species was described by Edward Meyrick in 1883 as Larentia helias using material he collected in Dunedin.[2][3] George Hudson discussed and illustrated this species as Xanthorhoe helias in 1898.[4] Hudson also discussed and illustrated the species in his 1928 publication The Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand.[5] In 1971 John S. Dugdale placed this species within the genus Asaphodes.[6] The type specimen is held at the Natural History Museum, London.[2]

Description

Hudson described the species as follows:

The expansion of the wings is 1 inch. All the wings are pale ochreous ; the fore-wings have a slender brown transverse line at the base, then a large loop-like marking from the costa, almost meeting a smaller, similarly looped marking from the dorsum ; next a broad irregular dark brown band a little beyond the middle, considerably indented towards the termen ; this is followed by a rather narrow pale band, and then by a narrow brown band, also indented towards the termen ; there is a small oblique brown mark below the apex, and a terminal series of black dots. The hind-wings have several faint dusky transverse lines near the base, a row of small spots near the termen, and a terminal series of minute black dots. The cilia of all the wings are reddish-ochreous.[4]

Distribution

This species is endemic to New Zealand.[1][7] As well as the type locality of Dunedin, the species has been found in the Dansey Ecological district and the Nevis Red Tussock Fen in Otago.[8][9] This species has also been found near the Hooker traffic bridge close to Mount Franklin in Canterbury.[10]

Biology and life cycle

A. helias is on the wing in January and February.[4][10]

Habitat and host plant

This moth has been observed as frequenting tussock and scrubby areas that have the fern Polystichum vestitum present.[10] The larvae of A. helias have been reared in captivity on forest herbs including Cardamine and Ranunculus species.[11] Larvae have also been found feeding from species within these genera in the wild.[11] The larvae of A. helias have also adapted to feeding on an exotic buttercup.[11]

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References
  1. "Asaphodes helias (Meyrick, 1883)". www.nzor.org.nz. Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd. Retrieved 22 August 2018.
  2. Dugdale, J. S. (1988). "Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa" (PDF). Fauna of New Zealand. 14: 173. Retrieved 22 August 2018.
  3. Meyrick, Edward (1883). "Monograph of New Zealand Geometrina [abstract]". New Zealand Journal of Science. 1883: 526–531 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  4. Hudson, G. V. (1898). New Zealand moths and butterflies (Macro-lepidoptera). London: West, Newman & Co. pp. 64–65. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.32466. OCLC 727236768. Retrieved 24 August 2018.
  5. Hudson, G. V. (1928). The Butterflies and Moths of New Zealand. Wellington: Ferguson & Osborn Ltd. p. 120. OCLC 25449322.
  6. Dugdale, J. S. (1971). "Entomology of the Aucklands and other islands south of New Zealand: Lepidoptera, excluding non-crambine Pyralidae". Pacific Insects Monograph. 27: 55–172.
  7. Gordon, Dennis P., ed. (2010). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity, Volume Two, Kingdom Animalia: Chaetognatha, Ecdysozoa, Ichnofossils. Vol. 2. Christchurch, N.Z.: Canterbury University Press. p. 459. ISBN 9781877257933. OCLC 973607714.
  8. Patrick, B. H. (1991). Insects of the Dansey ecological district (PDF). Wellington, N.Z.: Department of Conservation, New Zealand. ISBN 978-0-478-01285-9. Retrieved 25 August 2018.
  9. "Nevis Red Tussock Fen". www.orc.govt.nz. 28 September 2017. Retrieved 25 August 2018.
  10. Philpott, Alfred (1930). "The Lepidoptera of Mount Cook District, with Descriptions of New Species". Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 61: 419–439.
  11. Patrick, Brian (April 2000). Conservation status of two rare New Zealand geometrid moths (PDF). Science for Conservation. 145. pp. 1–21. ISBN 978-0478219463. ISSN 1173-2946.
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