Anthony Summers

Anthony Bruce Summers (born 21 December 1942) is an Irish author. He is a Pulitzer Prize finalist and has written eight best-selling non-fiction books.[1] He is also known for his conspiracy theories surrounding the death of Marilyn Monroe.

Anthony Summers
Summers in 2010
Born
Anthony Bruce Summers

(1942-12-21) 21 December 1942
Ireland
OccupationNon-fiction author
Known forConspiracy theories on the death of Marilyn Monroe

Career

Summers is an Irish citizen, and has been working for more than twenty years with Robbyn Swan, who is his co-author and fourth wife.[2] After studying modern languages at Oxford University, his early work took him from labouring jobs to freelance reporting to London newspapers, to Granada TV's World in Action[3] – the UK's first tabloid public affairs programme, to writing the news for the Swiss Broadcasting Corporation, then back to England to the BBC's 24 Hours, a pioneering late evening show that brought viewers coverage from all over the world. Summers became the BBC's youngest producer at 24, travelling worldwide and sending filmed reports from the conflicts in Vietnam and the Middle East, and across Latin America.[3][4][5] A main focus, though, was on the momentous events of the 1960s and '70s in the United States – with on-the-spot reports on Martin Luther King's assassination and on Robert F. Kennedy's bid for the presidency. He smuggled cameras into the then Soviet Union to obtain the only TV interview with dissident physicist Andrei Sakharov – when he was under house arrest, having just won the Nobel Prize.[3] Before moving on from the BBC, Summers became an Assistant Editor of the prestigious weekly programme Panorama. Long based in Ireland, he has since the mid-'70s concentrated on investigative non-fiction, usually taking from four to five years to produce a book – conducting in-depth research, combining digging in the documentary record with exhaustive interviewing.[6][7]

Major writings

Summers has written about historical figures including Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, President John F. Kennedy, FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover and President Richard Nixon. He also wrote biographies of celebrities Marilyn Monroe and Frank Sinatra.

Conspiracy

Summers' 1980 book Conspiracy was updated in 2013 as Not in Your Lifetime: The Defining Book on the JFK Assassination.[8] In the latest version, he implicated Cuban exile Herminio Diaz, an employee of Santo Trafficante, as a grassy knoll shooter in the assassination of John F. Kennedy.[8]

The book won the Crime Writers' Association's Gold Dagger for Non-Fiction in 1980.[9] Toby Harnden of The Telegraph called it "well done", describing Summers' approach as "dismissing the more fevered theories while casting doubt on the Warren Commission".[10] Journalist Burton Hersh described Conspiracy as "bedrock to the [Kennedy conspiracy] literature".[8]

Official and Confidential, The Secret Life of J. Edgar Hoover

In a review for The New York Times, Christopher Lehmann-Haupt characterized the writing and presentation in Summers' 1993 biography of former FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover as "slapdash." The review judged Summers' fact checking as "unsatisfying," and his sourcing as "ill-organized and impenetrable." As a whole, the Hoover book set "a new standard of what might gently be called revisionism."[11] By 2011, however, it was acknowledged that Summers did in fact use a few people who were associated with Hoover as sources, including Hoover's Stork Club companion Lisa Stuart.[12] ABC News journalist Susan Donaldson James stated that Summers "exposed the secret sex life of Hoover in his 1993 book," but also disputed the book's allegation that Hoover was a crossdresser.[12]

The Eleventh Day: The Ultimate Account of 9/11

In 2011, Summers' and Swan's The Eleventh Day: The Ultimate Account of 9/11 was published to mark the tenth anniversary of 9/11.[10] According to Harnden, the authors "principal criticisms are that the Bush administration was asleep at the switch on 9/11; that vital intelligence was ignored; that the FBI and CIA did not share information; and that Saudi Arabia was intimately connected to al-Qaeda and is sometimes overindulged by the US."[10]

The Eleventh Day was a finalist for the 2012 Pulitzer Prize for History[1][9] and was also awarded the CWA's Gold Dagger for Non-Fiction in 2012.[9]

Harnden said that there was "no real evidence" for Summers' and Swan's claims that the CIA negotiated with Osama bin Laden prior to those attacks, or of their attempt to recruit two of the hijackers as agents.[10] While criticizing the authors for a lack of original research, failure to interview major figures within the Bush administration, and "habit of posing portentous questions without answering", he noted that their depiction of the "horrors inside the World Trade Center" and bravery of the Flight 93 passengers was "well written and moving".[10]

Looking For Madeleine

In 2014, Summers and Swan published Looking For Madeleine, an account of the disappearance of Madeleine McCann in 2007.[13]

Other works

Other works by Summers include:

  • The File on the Tsar (1976).
  • Goddess: The Secret Lives of Marilyn Monroe (1985).
  • Honeytrap (on the Profumo sex/spy scandal, 1987), one of several books used as background for the film Scandal (1989), starring John Hurt. Written in conjunction with British author Stephen Dorril.
  • The Arrogance of Power: The Secret World of Richard Nixon (2000).
  • Sinatra: The Life (2005).

Television work

In addition to the coverage listed above, Anthony Summers sent reports on subjects as varied as:

  • The civil war between royalists and republicans in Yemen. He broke the story that the Egyptians were using gas bombs against civilians.[5]
  • Interviews with members of the Charles Manson family while they were still at large after the Tate-Labianca murders.[14]
  • Interviews with figures as contrasted as Chile's President Salvador Allende – soon to die in a bloody right-wing revolution – and Republican presidential candidate Barry Goldwater.[15]
  • Summers made two visits to Cuba, where he suffered the fate of many before and after him – waiting for but not getting the promised interview with Fidel Castro.[16]
  • In Bolivia, defying a government ban on journalists, he travelled over rugged country to the site of Che Guevara's death.[16]
  • The Tupamaro guerilla movement in Uruguay.[16]
  • The tension in Argentina between the Catholic hierarchy and "worker priests".[16]
  • The US Drug Enforcement Administration's operations on the Mexican border.[16]
  • A reflection on the Americans who returned from the Vietnam War.[17]

Awards

Anthony Summers was made a Fellow of the Literary & Historical Society of University College Dublin in 2012.[18]

gollark: Can you awfully go out?
gollark: Can you hygroscopically go out?
gollark: Can you foolishly go out?
gollark: Can you logically go out?
gollark: Can you capitalistically go out?

References
  1. "The 2012 Pulitzer Prize Winners". Retrieved 4 May 2014.
  2. "Anthony Summers". Curtis Brown Literary Agency. Retrieved 4 May 2014.
  3. Lindley, Richard (2002). Panorama: 50 Years of Pride and Paranoia. London: Politicos. p. 129. ISBN 1-84275-046-1.
  4. Kyle, Keith (2009). Reporting the World. London: I.B. Tauris. p. 209. ISBN 1-84885-000-X.
  5. Smiley, David (1975). Arabian Assignment. London: Leo Cooper. p. 225.
  6. Summers, Anthony; Robbyn Swan (2000). The Arrogance of Power: The Secret World of Richard Nixon. New York: Viking. p. 611. ISBN 0-7567-5814-9.
  7. Summers, Anthony; Robbyn Swan (2005). Sinatra: The Life. New York: Knopf. p. 391. ISBN 0-375-71370-0.
  8. Hersh, Burton (15 November 2013). "Review: New round of books address JFK assassination 50 years later". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved 19 June 2015.
  9. "CWA Dagger for Non-fiction: 2012 winners Anthony Summers and Robbyn Swan". The Crime Writers' Association. Archived from the original on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 4 May 2014.
  10. Harnden, Toby (25 August 2011). "The Eleventh Day: The Ultimate Account of 9/11 by Anthony Summers and Robbyn Swan: review". The Telegraph. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  11. Lehmann-Haupt, Christopher (15 February 1993). "Books of The Times; Catalogue of Accusations Against J. Edgar Hoover". Books. The New York Times. Retrieved 10 June 2017.
  12. Susan Donaldson James (14 November 2011). "J. Edgar Hoover: Gay or Just a Man Who Has Sex With Men?". ABC News. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
  13. Brunt, Martin (7 September 2015). "Madeleine: Book Sheds Light on Mystery Predator". Sky News. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  14. Tuohy, Denis (2005). Wide-eyed in Media Land. Belfast: Blackstaff. p. 103. ISBN 0-85640-749-6.
  15. Tuohy, Denis (2005). Wide-eyed in Media Land. Belfast: Blackstaff. p. 133. ISBN 0-85640-749-6.
  16. Tuohy, Denis (2005). Wide-eyed in Media Land. Belfast: Blackstaff. p. 141. ISBN 0-85640-749-6.
  17. Tuohy, Denis (2005). Wide-eyed in Media Land. Belfast: Blackstaff. p. 111. ISBN 0-85640-749-6.
  18. UCD Literary & Historical Society (20 February 2012). "Anthony will be made a Fellow of UCD's Literary & Historical Society on Thursday, 23 Feb." Facebook. Retrieved 4 May 2014.
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