Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Ochiltree

Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Ochiltree (c.1521-1591) fought for the Scottish Reformation. His daughter married John Knox and he played a part in the defeat of Mary, Queen of Scots at the battle of Langside.

Biography

Andrew's father, Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Avondale, exchanged his lands and title to become Lord Ochiltree.

Lord Ochiltree became a Protestant when Scotland was still a Catholic country. When resistance to the Catholic religion and the rule of the Regent of Scotland, Mary of Guise, began to grow, Ochiltree was one of the first of the Lords of the Congregation who marched to Perth in June 1559, and joined up with the rest at Edinburgh by 1 July. Ochiltree was a signatory to the Congregation's letters to Elizabeth I of England and William Cecil on 19 July 1559. John Knox wrote the letters, which state their "whole intent" was to remove superstition and "maintain the liberty this our country from the tyranny and thraldom of strangers." Cecil replied mentioning the example of the polity of Denmark, and wondering what place the Hamiltons, the former Duke of Châtelherault, the Earl of Arran and Lord David Hamilton might have in their scheme.[1]

On 27 April 1560, Ochiltree signed the "Band of the Scottish Nobility", which pledged to expel French troops from Scotland and assist the English army, which had entered Scotland under the terms of the Congregation's Treaty of Berwick.[2] John Knox later wrote in his History of the Reformation in Scotland that Ochiltree was "a man more likely to look for peace than fight in the causeway."

Lord Ochiltree's daughter Margaret married John Knox in 1563. His second son James Stewart became the powerful Earl of Arran in the 1580s. His eldest son Andrew, Master of Ochiltree, died before him, in 1578. The Master of Ochiltree's wife Margaret, Mistress of Ochiltree, was an important royal servant, and at least three of her daughters were ladies in waiting to Anne of Denmark.[3]

Lord Ochiltree died in November 1591.[4] He was succeeded by his grandson, Andrew, 3rd Lord Ochiltree, who later became Andrew Stuart, 1st Baron Castle Stuart.

Family

Andrew Stewart, 2nd Lord Ochiltree married Agnes Cunningham of the Caprington family. Their children, and grandchildren included;

Andrew Stwart, 2nd Lord Ochiltree married secondly, Margaret Cunningham, daughter of Alexander Cunningham, 5th Earl of Glencairn, and widow of John Wallace of Craigie.[13]

Swedish connection

Andrew 2nd Lord Ochiltree seems to have had a son with Janet Forbes, John Stewart or Stuart. He entered the service of Sweden and was master of horse to Eric XIV,[14] and had two sons Andrew and John. John Stuart married Brita Eriksdotter Soop, and their daughter Martha Stuart (1606-1653) married a French lieutenant-colonel, Anton Ydron, who was killed at the battle of Nürnberg in 1632 in the Thirty Years’ War (1618–48). As a widow Martha Stuart lived on the island of Almö, and was a frequent correspondent of the Swedish chancellor, Axel Oxenstierna, whose castle Tidö Slott was nearby.[15]

Notes
  1. Calendar of State Papers Scotland, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1898), pp. 218, 220, 227-8, 234-5.
  2. Calendar of State Papers Scotland, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1898), p.383
  3. Michael Pearce, 'Anna of Denmark: Fashioning a Danish Court in Scotland', The Court Historian, 24:2 (2019), p. 146.
  4. Calendar State Papers Scotland: 1589-1593, vol. 10 (Edinburgh, 1936), p. 594.
  5. David Masson, Register of the Privy Council of Scotland: 1592-1599, vol. 6 (Edinburgh, 1882), pp. 114, 132, 207.
  6. James Paterson, History of the County of Ayr, vol. 1 (Ayr, 1847), pp. 380-2: Will NRS ECC9/7/17 pp. 227-232.
  7. Letters to King James the Sixth from the Queen, Prince Henry, Prince Charles (Edinburgh, 1835), p. lxxii-iii.
  8. Chronicle of the Kings of Scotland (Edinburgh, 1830), p. 156: Michael Pearce, 'Anna of Denmark: Fashioning a Danish Court in Scotland', The Court Historian, 24:2 (2019), p. 148.
  9. Michael Pearce, 'Anna of Denmark: Fashioning a Danish Court in Scotland', The Court Historian, 24:2 (2019) p. 148.
  10. Gordon Donaldson, Register of the Privy Seal: 1581-1584, vol. 8 (Edinburgh, 1982), p. 59 no. 356.
  11. Calendar of State Papers Scotland, vol. 1 (1898), 680, (wives did not adopt their husband's surnames in 16th century Scotland)
  12. Calendar of State Papers Scotland, vol. 2 (Edinburgh, 1900), p. 54.
  13. HMC Report on the Manuscripts of Colonel David Milne Home of Wedderburn Castle, (London, 1902), p. 46
  14. George A. Sinclair, 'The Scottish Officers of Charles XII', Scottish Historical Review, 21:83 (April, 1924), pp. 178-192, 180: 'Scots in Sweden (Continued)', The Scottish Antiquary, or, Northern Notes and Queries, 5:19 (1891), pp. 123-126, 125.
  15. Steve Murdoch & Kathrin Zickermann, 'Stuart (Stewart), Martha (Märta) (1606–1653)', noblewoman and landowner', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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