Andouin Aubert

Audouin Aubert (Aldouin Alberti, or Andouin) (died 1363) was a French jurist, bishop and Cardinal.

Cardinal

Audouin Aubert
Cardinal-Bishop
ChurchSS. Giovanni e Paolo (1353-1361)
DioceseParis (1349-1350)
Auxerre (1350-1353)
Maguelonne (1353)
Ostia (1361-1363)
Orders
Created cardinal15 February 1353
by Pope Innocent VI
Personal details
Borndiocese of Limoges
Died10 May 1363
Avignon FR
BuriedChartreuse of Villeneuve
NationalityFrench
ParentsGuy Aubert
Marguerite de Livron
Educationdegree in Canon and Civil Law

He was the son of Guy Aubert, a brother of Pope Innocent VI (Étienne Aubert, a Limousin) (1352-1362).[1] His mother was Marguerite de Livron. His father had been ennobled by King Philip VI in March 1338.[2] He had a brother named Gauthier, who predeceased him,[3] and a sister Agnes, who was married to Ademar de Rebyeira. He had a niece named Gualiana, and another named Raymunda de Rossinhac. He had a nephew, Guy Aubert. He was baptized in the church in the village of Beyssac,[4] near Brives in the diocese of Limoges.

He was Doctor in utroque iure (Civil Law and Canon Law). It is not known where he studied, but, given his interest in Toulouse in his Testament,[5] that University must be considered a likely candidate. Pope Benedict XII (1334-1342) granted him a Canonicate in the Collegiate Church of Sainte-Radegonde in Poitiers.[6]

On 21 May 1342, Audouin was named Provost of Saint-Pierre d'Aire,[7] and in 1344 he became Canon and Prebendary of Cambrai. He was also Prebendary at Limoges, and also Prebendary and then Dean of the Collegiate Church of Saint-Irieix in Limoges.[8] He was rector of the parish church of Pluma (Plume) in the diocese of Condom; of Tilly (Thil) and Sainte-Foi (Sainte-Foy-de-Peyrolières[9]), in the diocese of Toulouse. Andouin became an Apostolic Subdeacon, Apostolic Notary, and was appointed Archdeacon of Brabant at the end of 1348, with the privilege of visiting his Archdeaconry by proxy; and Canon and Prebend in the Church of Liége (1348-1349).[10] He was also Archdeacon of Lincoln in England.[11] He was made bishop of Paris by Pope Clement VI on 11 September 1349.[12] On 31 March 1351, the Bishop's former Vicar-General, Jean de Lyons, created three scholarships in the Collège de Saint-Nicholas du Louvre on the Bishop's behalf.[13]

In the next year, on 20 December 1350, Audouin was appointed bishop of Auxerre,[14] to fill the seat vacated by the new Cardinal Pierre de Cros.[15]

On 30 January 1353 Andouin Aubert was named bishop of Maguelonne by Pope Innocent VI.[16] Three and a half months later he resigned as bishop, and took up residence in Avignon; his successor was appointed on 15 May.

He was the first and only cardinal created by his Uncle, Innocent VI, in the Consistory of 15 February 1353. He was named cardinal priest of Ss. Giovanni e Paolo on Monte Celio in Rome. He succeeded his uncle, who had become pope.[17]

Aubert was promoted to the suburbicarian See of Ostia by his uncle Innocent in 1361, following the death of Cardinal Petrus Bertrandi on 13 July 1361.[18] From 1361 to 1363 he held a Prebend and was Archdeacon of Dunois[19] in the Church of Chartres.[20]

In 1362 Cardinal Aubert, as Bishop of Ostia, had the right and privilege of consecrating Guillaume Grimoard, the new Pope Urban V, a bishop.[21]

The Cardinal drew up his Last Will and Testament in Avignon on 3 and 5 May 1363. Later in the day he added a codicil, granting money to the cardinals who would be Executors of his Will, and to the Notaries. He had obtained the privilege of making a Will from his Uncle Innocent on 15 May 1353.[22]

He died in Avignon on 10 May 1363.[23] He was buried, along with his uncle, in the Chartreuse at Villeneuve-les-Avignon, which Pope Innocent had founded.[24]

In his Testament, Cardinal Andouin Aubert founded the residential Collège de Maguelone in the city of Toulouse, for the benefit of ten poor scholars and a priest to care for them. He made the college his universal heir (residual legatee). Cardinal Jean de Blauzac, his executor, obtained letters from King Charles VI of France to finance the college, and Pope Gregory XI granted him the necessary powers to draw up the Statutes for the college.[25] The College was to be for students in grammar, logic, and the other liberal arts.[26] He left a silver chalice and a gilded paten to each of his benefices. He wrote his own epitaph:[27]

Lapide sub hoc modico iacent omnia viscera Ostiensis
Audoini dum vivebam in vita mea.

References
  1. Baluze (1693), I, p. 925
  2. Fisquet, p. 272.
  3. Du Chesne, Histoire, p. 572. He is mentioned in the Cardinal's Testament: Du Chesne, Preuves, p. 383.
  4. In his Testament he left ten francs in gold to each of ten poor women of the parish; and to one hundred poor households in the parish ten florins; and fifty florins for an Anniversary Mass for himself, his parents, his uncle the Pope, and all his family: Du Chesne, Preuves, p. 384.
  5. Du Chesne, Preuves, p. 814: The Cardinal bequeathed twenty gold francs to each of twenty poor women of Toulouse so that they could marry. He did the same for Avignon, at the rate of twenty-five gold francs.
  6. Fisquet, p. 272.
  7. The Cardinal mentions this fact in his Testament: Du Chesne, Preuves, p. 384.
  8. Du Chesne, Preuves, p. 814. He left the Collegiate Church a silver chalice of five marks weight with a gilded paten, marked with his arms on the foot of the chalice.
  9. Jean Contrasty (1919). Le Cartulaire de Sainte-Foy-de-Peyrolières (in French and Latin). Toulouse: Saint-Cyprien.
  10. Ursmer Berlière, OSB (1906), "Les archdiacres de Liége au XIVe siècle," Bulletin de la Commission Royale d' histoire 75 (Bruxelles 1906), pp. 137-207, at 158-159.
  11. W. Bliss, Calendar of Papal Registers III, 503, 565.
  12. Eubel, p. 391.
  13. Fisquet, p. 276.
  14. Jean Lebeuf (1743). Mémoires Concernant L'Histoire Ecclésiastique Et Civile D'Auxerre (in French). Tome premier. Paris: Durand. pp. 459–460.
  15. Eubel, p. 120.
  16. Eubel, p. 320.
  17. Eubel, pp. 19 and 42.
  18. Eubel, p. 36.
  19. H. Fisquet (1864). La France pontificale (Gallia Christiana): Metropole de Paris. Chartres (in French). Paris: Etienne Repos. p. 14.
  20. Souchet, J.-B. (1869). Histoire du diocèse et de la ville de Chartres (in French). Tome III. Chartres: Garnier. p. 214.
  21. Fisquet, p. 273. He says, without authority or probability, that Aubert crowned the new Pope. That privilege belonged to the Cardinal Protodeacon.
  22. Du Chesne, Preuves, pp. 382-386.
  23. Eubel, p. 19.
  24. Fisquet, p. 273.
  25. Fisquet, p. 274.
  26. Du Chesne, Preuves, p. 385.
  27. 'Beneath this modest stone lie all the remains of Audouin, Bishop of Ostia when I lived my life.' Du Chesne, Preuves, p. 387.

Bibliography
Catholic Church titles
Preceded by
Pierre Bertrand du Colombier		 Cardinal-bishop of Ostia
1361–1363		 Succeeded by
Elie de Saint Yrieux
Preceded by
Pierre de Cros		 Bishop of Auxerre
1351–1352		 Succeeded by
Jean d’Auxois
Preceded by
Arnaud de Verdale		 Bishop of Maguelonne
1352–1353		 Succeeded by
Durand de Chapelles
Preceded by
Foulques de Chanac		 Bishop of Paris
1349–1350		 Succeeded by
Pierre de Lafôret
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