An Wang

An Wang (Chinese: 王安; pinyin: Wáng Ān; February 7, 1920 – March 24, 1990) was a Chinese–American computer engineer and inventor, and co-founder of computer company Wang Laboratories, which was known primarily for its dedicated word processing machines. An Wang was an important contributor to the development of magnetic core memory.

The native form of this personal name is Wang An. This article uses Western name order when mentioning individuals.
An Wang
Born(1920-02-07)February 7, 1920
Shanghai, China
DiedMarch 24, 1990(1990-03-24) (aged 70)
Alma materShanghai Jiao Tong University
Harvard University (PhD)
Known forDevelopment of magnetic core memory.
Scientific career
InstitutionsWang Laboratories

Wang Laboratories

Wang founded Wang Laboratories in June 1951 as a sole proprietorship. The first years were lean and Wang raised $50,000 working capital by selling one third of the company to a machine tools manufacturer Warner & Swasey Company.

In 1955, when the core memory patent was issued, Wang sold it to IBM for $500,000 and incorporated Wang Laboratories with Ge-Yao Chu, a schoolmate. The company grew slowly and in 1964 sales reached $1,000,000. Wang began making desktop electronic calculators with digital displays, including a centralised calculator with remote terminals for group use.

By 1970 the company had sales of $27 million and 1,400 employees. They began manufacturing word processors in 1974, copying the already popular Xerox Redactron word processor, a single-user, cassette-based product.

In 1976, they started marketing a multi-user, display-based product, based on the Zilog Z80 processor. Typical installations had a master unit (supplying disk storage) connected to intelligent diskless slaves which the operators used. Connections were via dual coax using differential signaling in an 11-bit asynchronous ASCII format clocked at 4.275 MHz. This product became the market leader in the word processing industry. In addition to calculators and word processors, Wang's company diversified into minicomputers in the early 1970s. The Wang 2200 was one of the first desktop computers with a large CRT display and ran a fast hardwired BASIC interpreter. The Wang VS system was a multiuser minicomputer whose instruction set was very close to the design of IBM's System/370. It was not binary-compatible because register usage conventions and system call interfaces were different. The Wang VS serial terminals could be used in data processing mode and word processing mode. They were user-programmable in data-processing mode and used the same word processing software as the earlier dedicated word processing systems.

In 1984, Wang and his family owned about 55 percent of the company stock, and Forbes magazine, estimating his worth at $1.6 billion, ranked him as the fifth richest American.

Wang Laboratories, which in 1989 once employed over 30,000 people, was headquartered in Tewksbury, Massachusetts and later Lowell, Massachusetts. When Wang looked to retire from actively running his company in 1986, he insisted upon handing over the corporate reins to his son Fred Wang. Hard times ensued for the company and the elder Wang was eventually forced to remove his son in 1989.

Later years

An Wang also founded the Wang Institute of Graduate Studies in Tyngsborough, Massachusetts which offered a graduate program in software engineering. He made substantial donations to this organization, including the proceeds of his autobiography, Lessons. However, enrollment remained low, and in 1987, after nearly a decade of operation, Wang decided to discontinue funding the institution and transferred ownership of the campus to Boston University.

An Wang also made a substantial contribution for the restoration of a Boston landmark, which was then called the Metropolitan Theatre. The "Met" was renamed in 1983 as The Wang Theatre, and the Metropolitan Center became known as the Wang Center for the Performing Arts. Wang donated $4 million to Massachusetts General Hospital's ambulatory care center, which was renamed to the Wang Building. [1]

Wang was one of twelve recipients of the Medal of Liberty in 1986. He was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 1988.[2] The An Wang Middle School in Lowell, Massachusetts, is named in his honor, as is the An Wang Professorship of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering at Harvard University, held by Roger W. Brockett and Hanspeter Pfister, the An Wang Professorship of Computer Science at Brown University, held by John E. Savage, and the Wang Professorship of Cognitive and Neural Systems at Boston University, held by Stephen Grossberg; see sites.bu.edu/steveg.

An Wang died of cancer in 1990. He and his wife, Lorraine (Chur) Wang, lived in Lincoln, Massachusetts. Lorraine Wang died on March 1, 2016, at Emerson Hospital in Concord, Massachusetts.[3] They had three children.

Aphorisms

An Wang is known for a number of pithy aphorisms summing up principles based on his experience in business and life.[4][5] Examples include:

  • "Success is more a function of consistent common sense than it is of genius."[5]
  • "We must not contradict, but instruct him that contradicts us; for a madman is not cured by another running mad also."[5]
gollark: If you just doubled the number of people "involved in politics" by some loose definition by taking arbitrary random people, would this actually improve the political situation? I would be surprised if it did; I don't think most have some sort of unique original contribution, but just go for participating in shouting louder at other groups.
gollark: Possibly true but not very relevant.
gollark: You could probably argue that something something tragedy of the commons, but clearly there are a lot of people who do do politics and it is possible that adding more would actually worsen things.
gollark: Even if it is the case that if everyone ever ignored politics there would be problems, that doesn't mean that one person ignoring it is bad.
gollark: Perhaps, but I don't actually care.

See also
  • The Wang Center for the Performing Arts
  • History of the Chinese in Boston
  • Wang's factor-combining method

References
  1. "Wang Building". Archived from the original on 2015-01-28.
  2. "Inventor profile - An Wang". National Inventors Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on 2010-12-05. Retrieved January 15, 2011.
  3. Marquard, Bryan (March 7, 2016). "Lorraine Wang, 95, philanthropist who helped establish Wang Center". Boston Globe. Retrieved March 10, 2016.
  4. http://www.famous-quotes.com/author.php?aid=7523
  5. http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/a/an_wang.html
Library resources about
An Wang
By An Wang

Patents
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.