Anđeo Zvizdović

Anđeo Zvizdović (or Zvijezdović; c. 1420 – 7 June 1498) was a Franciscan friar and evangelist who negotiated the Ahdname of Milodraž – the promise of the freedom of religion to the people of Bosnia following the Ottoman conquest of Bosnia.

Zvizdović holds the ahdname facing the crucifix, painted by Gabrijel Jurkić in 1958

Religious life

Zvizdović is said to have been born to a noble family in the village of Zvizde near Uskoplje (modern Gornji Vakuf), from which his surname is derived.[1] According to other accounts, he was born in Vrhbosna (modern-day Sarajevo). His religious zeal was fueled by the sermons of Saint James of the Marches, who served as Vicar of Bosnia in the 1430s.

James admitted him to the Franciscan Order and named him Anđeo (Angel); Zvizdović's original name is unknown. Zvizdović was particularly distinguished by his public speaking skills even as a novice friar, and was eventually elected head of the Franciscans of Bosnia proper.[1]

After the Ottomans under Mehmed the Conqueror subjugated the Kingdom of Bosnia in 1463, and the subsequent execution of King Stephen, Zvizdović also functioned as the secular representative of the Bosnian people. He stepped forward to meet the Sultan and negotiated the Ahdname of Milodraž, the legal recognition of Bosnian Franciscans by the Ottoman Empire, as well as the promise of freedom of religion to Bosnia's Catholic population.[2]

Zvizdović died in Fojnica on 7 June 1498.[2]

Legacy

Due to his intervention with Mehmed the Conqueror, Zvizdović is often credited with the survival of Roman Catholicism in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The remnants of his skeleton, partly burned in the fire of 1524,[1] are buried in the Franciscan monastery in Fojnica.[2]

Anđeo Zvizdović was one of the most influential Franciscan of his era, in particular during the times of establishment of the Ottoman rule in Bosnia, but also one of the most prominent men of Bosnian history and the history of the Bosnian Croat people. The subject of many writings, his deeds are perceived and interpreted in different ways, not only by Catholic Bosnian Croats but also by Muslim Bosnians (Bosniaks) and Orthodox Bosnian Serbs as well.[1] The Martyrologium franciscanum includes him among the beatified Franciscans,[2] and he is venerated as such by both Franciscans and laypersons.[1]

A street in the central part of Sarajevo, his place of birth, in close proximity to a contemporary Bosnian parliament building, bears his name.[3][4]

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References
  1. Barun, Anđelko (11 February 2016). "Blaženik i političar - fra Anđeo Zvizdović (1420–1498)" (in Croatian). Svjetlo riječi. Archived from the original on 27 April 2016.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  2. "Zvizdović, Anđeo". Croatian Encyclopaedia (in Serbo-Croatian). Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  3. "Fra Anđela Zvizdovića - Navigator - Mapa Sarajeva". www.navigator.ba (in Bosnian). Navigator - Mapa Sarajeva. Retrieved 13 August 2019.
  4. "Ulice Kantona Sarajevo". zis.ks.gov.ba. Zavod za informatiku i statistiku Kantona Sarajevo. Retrieved 13 August 2019.
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