Amnionless

Amnionless is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AMN gene.[5][6]

AMN
Identifiers
Aliases	AMN, PRO1028, amnionless, Amnionless, amnion associated transmembrane protein, IGS2
External IDs	OMIM: 605799 MGI: 1934943 HomoloGene: 12804 GeneCards: AMN
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 14 (human)[1] Band 14q32.32 Start 102,922,656 bp[1] End 102,933,596 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 12 (mouse)[2] Band 12 F1|12 60.94 cM Start 111,271,095 bp[2] End 111,276,426 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • receptor binding Cellular component • extracellular exosome • endosome membrane • membrane • integral component of membrane • apical part of cell • clathrin-coated pit • endosome • apical plasma membrane • cell membrane • extracellular • endocytic vesicle • brush border membrane • macromolecular complex Biological process • cobalamin metabolic process • multicellular organism development • protein localization • receptor-mediated endocytosis • cobalamin transport • Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport • excretion • protein transport • high-density lipoprotein particle clearance • transport Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	81693	93835
Ensembl	ENSG00000166126	ENSMUSG00000021278
UniProt	Q9BXJ7	Q99JB7
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_030943	NM_033603
RefSeq (protein)	NP_112205	NP_291081
Location (UCSC)	Chr 14: 102.92 – 102.93 Mb	Chr 12: 111.27 – 111.28 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

A complex of amnionless and cubilin forms the cubam receptor.

The protein encoded by this gene is a type I transmembrane protein. It is thought to modulate bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor function by serving as an accessory or coreceptor, and thus facilitates or hinders BMP binding. It is known that the mouse AMN gene is expressed in the extraembryonic visceral endoderm layer during gastrulation, but it is found to be mutated in amnionless mouse. The encoded protein has sequence similarity to short gastrulation (Sog) and procollagen IIA proteins in Drosophila.[6]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000166126 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000021278 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Kalantry S, Manning S, Haub O, Tomihara-Newberger C, Lee HG, Fangman J, Disteche CM, Manova K, Lacy E (Mar 2001). "The amnionless gene, essential for mouse gastrulation, encodes a visceral-endoderm-specific protein with an extracellular cysteine-rich domain". Nat Genet. 27 (4): 412–6. doi:10.1038/86912. PMID 11279523.
6. "Entrez Gene: AMN amnionless homolog (mouse)".

External links

• Human AMN genome location and AMN gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

Further reading

• Kozyraki R, Gofflot F (2008). "Multiligand endocytosis and congenital defects: roles of cubilin, megalin and amnionless". Curr. Pharm. Des. 13 (29): 3038–46. doi:10.2174/138161207782110507. PMID 17979745.
• Wang X, Bornslaeger EA, Haub O, et al. (1996). "A candidate gene for the amnionless gastrulation stage mouse mutation encodes a TRAF-related protein". Dev. Biol. 177 (1): 274–90. doi:10.1006/dbio.1996.0162. PMID 8660894.
• Tomihara-Newberger C, Haub O, Lee HG, et al. (1999). "The amn gene product is required in extraembryonic tissues for the generation of middle primitive streak derivatives". Dev. Biol. 204 (1): 34–54. doi:10.1006/dbio.1998.9034. PMID 9851841.
• Dunn NR, Hogan BL (2001). "How does the mouse get its trunk?". Nat. Genet. 27 (4): 351–2. doi:10.1038/86829. PMID 11279507.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Tanner SM, Aminoff M, Wright FA, et al. (2003). "Amnionless, essential for mouse gastrulation, is mutated in recessive hereditary megaloblastic anemia". Nat. Genet. 33 (3): 426–9. doi:10.1038/ng1098. PMID 12590260.
• Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, et al. (2003). "The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment". Genome Res. 13 (10): 2265–70. doi:10.1101/gr.1293003. PMC 403697. PMID 12975309.
• Fyfe JC, Madsen M, Højrup P, et al. (2004). "The functional cobalamin (vitamin B12)-intrinsic factor receptor is a novel complex of cubilin and amnionless" (PDF). Blood. 103 (5): 1573–9. doi:10.1182/blood-2003-08-2852. PMID 14576052.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Tsang HT, Connell JW, Brown SE, et al. (2006). "A systematic analysis of human CHMP protein interactions: additional MIT domain-containing proteins bind to multiple components of the human ESCRT III complex". Genomics. 88 (3): 333–46. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2006.04.003. PMID 16730941.