AmaNdlambe

The AmaNdlambe are a tribe located in the Eastern Cape, South Africa; having been so named after its originator the great Xhosa prince Ndlambe, son of King Rharhabe. The AmaNdlambe are one of the last tribes to have been created in Xhosa history around the turn of the 19th century.

History of the creation of AmaNdlambe

Ndlambe was the second born son from King Rharhabe's great wife Queen Nojoli of the AbaThembu. Rharhabe's heir and upon whom the government of the tribe would fall on Rharhabe's death was called Mlawu. It is said that on the day that Mlawu was to marry his great wife Nobutho, he suddenly became ill and died. However, on his death Mlawu had fathered two sons out of wedlock i.e. Ngqika and Ntimbo.

When King Rharhabe died in battle, Ndlambe was requested by the councillors of Mlawu to provide them with an heir for the great house. Ndlambe knowing that his brother had fathered two sons, sought out the two boys in order that one would rule over the Rharhabe kingdom. Indeed, the two children were found and thus the sons of his deceased elder brother were brought by the councillors to Ndlambe's kraal to select a successor.

It became apparent that Ndlambe favoured Ngqika over Ntimbo, as even though Ntimbo appeared the eldest of the two, he exhibited a sickly disposition. The councillors of Mlawu favoured Ntimbo, as it would enhance their own powers over the great house if Ntimbo were to succeed the kingship.

This dispute was referred to the senior branch of the Xhosa nation, to be decided by the Gcaleka monarch King Khawuta. Whilst a delegation was sent to King Khawuta to formally request his assistance; Ndlambe sent an informal party to the king requesting that Ngqika be selected new king of the Rharhabe. In preparation for the arrival of the king, festivities lasting several days commenced where the two young princes were fêted. When King Khawuta arrived and having received word from Ndlambe on the suitability of one of the two young princes by the name of Ngqika; King Khawuta accompanied by his councillors, did not even utter a word but merely got off his horse, bestowed Ngqika around his neck with a string of royal beads, got back on his horse and left. The simple gesture by the king laid the whole matter to rest and Ngqika became king of the Rharhabe branch of the Xhosa.

During the minority of Ngqika, Ndlambe became regent, assisted at times by the young king's mother Yese; a large woman known for her salacious appetite in men and would in later years have a great and negative influence during her son's reign. She had a notorious relationship with the Xhosa interpreter and colourful figure Coenraad de Buys, which did not sit well within the conservative Xhosa society.

Ndlambe was a popular and much loved regent having seen a great expansion and rise in the fortunes of the Rharhabe. He ruled as regent for a period spanning over twenty years, and is viewed by some historians as the main architect of Rharhabe greatness.

As Ndlambe was teaching the young king the art of being a fine ruler, Ngqika who now had just emerged from the Xhosa custom of ukwaluka, sought to take the sovereignty from his uncle by force, suspected to have been at the influence of his mother Yese and his father's old councillors, who had hinted to the impressionable young king that Ndlambe sought to usurp his throne.

As the tensions grew, Ndlambe left the great place which at the time was located at Xhukwane, Debe Nek with his councillors and a number of followers loyal to him and settled at Xuxuwa near today Fort Beaufort.

Shortly thereafter, as Ndlambe's popularity grew, Ngqika overcome with jealousy led an unwarranted and surprise attack on Ndlambe where he defeated Ndlambe's forces. Ndlambe escaped unscathed and went to hide amongst his mother's people the AbaThembu of Ndungwana at Ngqamakhwe.

Ndlambe appealed to the AbaThembu to assist him against his volatile nephew, but only received help from the Gcaleka regent Nqoko; at the time the Gcaleka had just lost their king, King Khawuta, whose heir Hintsa was still a young boy. The two armies met at Tyusha near the Cwengcwe, where the Gcaleka forces were routed by the Rharhabe forces and Ngqika captured Ndlambe and Hintsa as his prisoners and kept them as prisoners at Ndlambe's sister Ntsusa's homestead near the Rhabula River.

The Gcaleka were chased out of their territory near Ngxingxolo across the Kei River to present day Willowvale, where the Gcaleka monarch is still found today.

Hintsa managed to escape from captivity and crossed the Kei to the great delight of his countrymen. Ndlambe, although a prisoner, was allowed free movement by Ngqika that three of his young wives Thuthula, Noyena, and Nojico were allowed to join him. Ngqika would also from time to time consult his uncle and request his presence on matters of state.

Ndlambe was finally rescued with his wives from captivity with the assistance of prince Chungwa of the Gqunukwebe and settled near Chungwa's great place in Mnyameni. As Ndlambe was much loved by the people for his bravery and wisdom; his councillors and many of his loyal subjects soon followed him to Mnyameni.

It is then that the AmaNdlambe as a separate tribe were created.

References

• Bennie, W.G; Imibengo 1960. Lovedale Press, South Africa
• Peires, J.B; The House of Phalo 1981. Ravan Press, South Africa