Alfred Charles Garratt

Alfred Charles Garratt (October 3, 1813 – June 30, 1891) was an American medical doctor who frequently used electricity as a medical tool. He was the first full-time medical doctor in electrotherapy in the United States and wrote the first book on the subject.

First book on electrotherapy written by Dr. Garratt (1860)

Biography

Garratt was born in Brookhaven, New York, on October 3, 1813.[1] His father was Richard Garratt. He was a graduate of Lenox Academy, and in 1836 a graduate of Medical School, College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York. He was also a graduate of the Berkshire Medical College.[2]

Garratt was surgeon to the United States Dragoons at Fort Des Moines, Iowa, and United States Vice Consul at Port-Au-Prince for two years. After the government position as Vice Consul he practiced medicine and kept an apothecary's shop in Abington, Massachusetts. He was admitted to the Massachusetts Medical Society in 1849.[2]

Garratt came to Hanover, Massachusetts, in 1851 and resided in the house[3] left vacant by Dr. Fobes which was originally built by the Rev. Joab G. Cooper, rector of Saint Andrew's Parish.[4] The house was built with wood from the old Episcopal Church building at Church Hill when it was torn down to make way for the present church in Hanover.[2]

Flexible 'button' battery assembly patent

Medical electrical invention

Garratt patented a physiological "button" battery on July 6, 1869. The invention (no. 92,301) consisted of several button size discs made from copper or silver and an alloy of dissimilar metals. The assembly of "button" battery discs was constructed into a flexible insulation base. The small batteries were wired together and a set metallic connections were made at each end of the assembly for the plus and minus electrical connections. The idea behind the flexible insulation base was so that it could be worn upon uneven body parts like arms and legs.[5]

Family

Garratt's daughter Harriet was born in 1838. His son Charles was born in 1844. His second son, Joshua, was born in 1850 and his third son, Allen, was born in 1853.[6] Garratt's first wife, Elizabeth, was born in 1817.[7] His second wife, Martha, was born about 1815.[8][9] By 1880 Garratt was widowed.[10]

Later life

Garratt moved to Boston after practicing in Hanover for about twenty years. In Boston he had a medical office for many years in the rear of the renown Tremont House. He became the first full-time medical doctor in electrotherapy in the United States.[11][12]

Retirement and death

Garratt retired from practice in 1888. In 1891 he died at the age of seventy-eight years.[2]

Works
gollark: I have temperature readings up, and it says 85 degrees, which is pretty safe.
gollark: I really doubt it's going to fry itself.
gollark: Technically, it's part of the CPU.
gollark: The alternative is using the GT 710 in my server.
gollark: ... not *too* much?

References
  1. Dwelley & Simmons 1911, p. 108.
  2. Dwelley & Simmons 1911, p. 109.
  3. Ford 1899, p. 234.
  4. Plymouth_County 1867, p. 46.
  5. Woodcroft 1868, p. 552.
  6. "Image Index". FamilySearch. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 2015. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
  7. "Elizabeth Garratt / Massachusetts State Census, 1855". FamilySearch. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 2015. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
  8. "Alfred C Garratt / Massachusetts State Census, 1865". FamilySearch. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 2015. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
  9. "Alfred C Garrett / United States Census, 1870". Family Search. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 1870. Retrieved December 27, 2015.
  10. "Alfred C Garratt / United States Census, 1880". FamilySearch. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 1880. Retrieved December 28, 2015.
  11. Licht 1967, p. 19.
  12. Stillwell 1983, p. 18.
  13. Kane 1997, p. 80.
  14. Electro-Physiology and Electro-Therapeutics: Showing the Best Methods for the Medical Uses of Electricity. Kessinger Publishing. 2008. ISBN 9781436830928.
  15. Guide for Using Medical Batteries: Being A Compendium from His Larger Work on Medical Electricity and Nervous Diseases. Kessinger Publishing. 2008. ISBN 9781436863445.
  16. LongIsland 1893, p. 262.

Sources

Further reading
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