Agrius cingulata

Agrius cingulata, the pink-spotted hawkmoth or sweetpotato hornworm, is a moth in the family Sphingidae. The species was first described by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1775.

Agrius cingulata
male, Brazil
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Sphingidae
Genus:	Agrius
Species:	A. cingulata
Binomial name
Agrius cingulata (Fabricius, 1775)[1]
Native range, see text for details
Synonyms
Sphinx cingulata Fabricius, 1775 Herse cingulata Protoparce cingulata Phlegethontius cingulata Sphinx affinis Goeze, 1780 Sphinx pungens Eschscholtz, 1821 Sphinx druraei Donovan, 1810 Agrius cingulatus Agrius cingulata ypsilon-nigrum Bryk, 1953 Herse cingulata pallida Closs, 1917 Herse cingulata tukurine Lichy, 1943 Sphinx cingulata decolora Edwards, 1882

Description

The imago has a wingspan of ​3 ³⁄₄ to ​4 ³⁄₄ inches (9.5–12 cm). Its robust body is gray brown with pink bands. The abdomen tapers to a point. The hindwings are gray with black bands and pink at the bases.

• 
  Female
• 
  Female underside
• 
  Male
• 
  Male underside

Biology

It is nocturnal.[2] It feeds on the nectar from deep-throated flowers including moonflower (Calonyction aculeatum), morning glories (Convolvulus species), and petunias (Petunia species).[3][4]

The larva is a large, stout caterpillar with a horn. It feeds during the day and the night on sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), Datura species, and other plants. It is known as a pest of sweet potato.[3]

Distribution

This is mainly a neotropical species, and the adults migrate north to Canada and south to Patagonia and the Falkland Islands. It can also be found in the Galápagos Islands and Hawaii. It has been reported from western Europe, including Portugal and the United Kingdom. It has recently become established in West Africa and Cape Verde, possibly having originated in Brazil.[5][6][7]

Gallery

• 
  Adult variation
• 
  Caterpillar

References

1. "CATE Creating a Taxonomic eScience - Sphingidae". Cate-sphingidae.org. Archived from the original on 2012-11-13. Retrieved 2011-11-01.
2. da Paz, Joicelene Regina Lima; Gimenes, Miriam; Pigozzo, Camila Magalhães (2013). "Three diurnal patterns of anthesis in Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (Convolvulaceae): Implications for temporal, behavioral and morphological characteristics of pollinators?". Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants. 208 (2): 138–146. doi:10.1016/j.flora.2013.02.007. ISSN 0367-2530.
3. Halder, Bani; Sultana, Shanjida; Akter, Tangin; Begum, Shefali (2018-07-20). "Life cycle, feeding behavior and nature of damage of sweet potato leaf moth, Agrius cingulata (Fabricius) and Agrius Convolvuli (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)". Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences. 27 (2): 125–134. doi:10.3329/dujbs.v27i2.46461. ISSN 2408-8501.
4. Johnson, Steven D.; Raguso, Robert A. (2015-09-07). "The long-tongued hawkmoth pollinator niche for native and invasive plants in Africa". Annals of Botany. 117 (1): 25–36. doi:10.1093/aob/mcv137. ISSN 0305-7364.
5. Pittaway, A. R. (2018). "Agrius Hübner, [1819]". Sphingidae of the Western Palaearctic. Distribution. Retrieved December 18, 2018.
6. Bauer, E.; Traub, B. (July 1980). Dr. Heinz Schröder for the Society Internationaler Entomologischer Verein (ed.). "Zur Macrolepidopterenfauna der Kapverdischen Inseln" [On the Macrolepidoptera fauna of the Cape Verde Islands]. Entomologische Zeitschrift (in German). Frankfurt am Main: Alfred Kernen Verlag in Stuttgart. 90 (14): 244–248 ("Part 1: Sphingidae und Arctiidae").
7. Eduardo Marabuto (2006). "The Occurrence Of A Neotropical Hawkmoth In Southern Portugal: Agrius cingulatus" (PDF). Boletín Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa. 38: 163–166.

External links

• Pink-Spotted Hawkmoth. Moths of North America.
• The Pink-spotted Hawkmoth. Silkmoths.bizland.com