Adenovirus early region 1A

Adenovirus early region 1A (E1a or E1A) is a gene expressed during adenovirus replication to produce a variety of (E1A) proteins.[1]

It has been considered an oncogene.[2]

It can behave as a tumour suppressor gene.[3][4]

Adenovirus early region 1A (E1A) encodes two major proteins in Ad5 that are able to cause many different effects in mammalian cells[5]. After viral infection, they stimulate expression of other viral genes and can either enhance or repress expression of cellular genes[6]. The addition of E1A DNA into cells may cause adverse biological effects[7], such as increasing p53 expression[8], causing DNA synthesis and cell cycle progression in quiescent cells[9], and inhibiting differentiation[10].

References
  1. "Introduction To Ad5 E1A".
  2. "Adenovirus E1A Oncogene Expression in Tumor Cells Enhances Killing by TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL)". J Immunol. 165 (8): 4522–4527. 2000. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.165.8.4522. PMID 11035092.
  3. "E1A as a Tumor Suppressor Gene". Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  4. Frisch, Steven M.; Mymryk, Joe S. (Jun 2002). "Adenovirus-5 E1A: paradox and paradigm". Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 3 (6): 441–52. doi:10.1038/nrm827. PMID 12042766.
  5. Grand, Roger J. A.; Gallimore, Phillip H.; Milner, Anne E.; Smith, K. John; Molloy, David P. (5 February 1999). "The Structure of the Site on Adenovirus Early Region 1A Responsible for Binding to TATA-binding Protein Determined by NMR Spectroscopy". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (6): 3503–3512. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.6.3503. PMID 9920896.
  6. Li, C. H.; Yang, J. T.; Loh, H. H.; Lee, N. M.; Wu, C. S. (1 August 1979). "beta-Endorphin: formation of alpha-helix in lipid solutions". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 76 (8): 3656–3659. doi:10.1073/pnas.76.8.3656. PMC 383891.
  7. Boulanger, P A; Blair, G E (15 April 1991). "Expression and interactions of human adenovirus oncoproteins". The Biochemical Journal. 275 (Pt 2): 281–299. doi:10.1042/bj2750281. PMC 1150051. PMID 1827253.
  8. White, E.; Korsmeyer, S.; Hockenbery, D.; Sabbatini, P.; Debbas, M.; Rao, L. (15 August 1992). "The adenovirus E1A proteins induce apoptosis, which is inhibited by the E1B 19-kDa and Bcl-2 proteins". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 89 (16): 7742–7746. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.16.7742. PMC 49787. PMID 1457005.
  9. Grand, Roger J. A.; Gallimore, Phillip H.; Milner, Anne E.; Smith, K. John; Molloy, David P. (5 February 1999). "The Structure of the Site on Adenovirus Early Region 1A Responsible for Binding to TATA-binding Protein Determined by NMR Spectroscopy". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (6): 3503–3512. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.6.3503. PMID 9920896.
  10. Kedes, Larry; Muscat, George E. O.; Webster, Keith A. (April 1988). "Adenovirus E1A products suppress myogenic differentiation and inhibit transcription from muscle-specific promoters". Nature. 332 (6164): 553–557. doi:10.1038/332553a0. PMID 2965790.




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