Abune Antonios

Abune Antonios (born 12 July 1929) is the third Patriarch of the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church. He was illegally and forcefully deposed by the Eritrean government in 2007.[1][2] He has been under house arrest ever since.[3]

His Holiness Abune Antonios
Patriarch of the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church
Church	Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church
Appointed	23 April 2004
Predecessor	Abune Yacob
Successor	Abune Dioskoros (disputed)
Orders
Ordination	1942
Personal details
Born	(1929-07-12) 12 July 1929 Hembrti, Hamasien
Denomination	Eritrean Orthodox
Previous post	Abbot of Debre Tsege Abuna Endrias monastery

Ecclesiastical career

Antonios was born on 12 July 1929 in the town of Hembrti, north of Asmara in the province of Hamasien. He was ordained priest in 1942, and later elected Abbot in 1955. When the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church sought autocephaly, he was one of five abbots of monasteries that went to Egypt to be ordained as bishops so that the church would have its own Holy Synod. He was ordained as Bishop Antonios of Hamasien-Asmara on 19 June 1994 in Saint Mark's Coptic Orthodox Cathedral, Cairo, by Shenouda III, Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria. Following the death of Abune Yacob in 2003, he was elected Patriarch in popular elections which were unanimously endorsed by the Holy Synod of the church. His ordination and enthronement as Patriarch took place on 23 April 2004 in Asmara, at the hands of Pope Shenouda III, assisted by Eritrean and Coptic Orthodox Metropolitans and Bishops. He was the first Patriarch of Eritrea to have been enthroned who had not previously been a Bishop in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church.

Removal from church

In January 2005, the Patriarch's annual Nativity message was not broadcast or televised. On 27 May 2007, he was replaced as Patriarch by Abune Dioskoros, with the support of the Eritrean government. Antonios remains under house arrest[1][3] and strict surveillance and held without charge. He reportedly seldom receives visitors, including relatives, and has no telephone service. His removal at the behest of the Eritrean government was denounced by the other Oriental Orthodox Churches, who have refused to recognize Abune Dioskoros as Patriarch of Eritrea.[4]

In July 2019, in an unprecedented move, bishops of the Holy Synod of the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church excommunicated[5] Abune Antonios for heresy.[6][5] The letter from five of the six most senior Eritrean bishops declared that "His name should never be mentioned and remembered and those who do so will be punished severely." Although the Patriarch was expelled from being a member of the church, the bishops promised he could still live in a church building. Since 2007, Abune Antonios has been considered by the United States to be a religious prisoner of conscience.[7] The president of the Standing Conference of Oriental Orthodox Churches condemned the excommunication.[5]

References

1. "Orthodox patriarch of Eritrea sacked". 1 February 2006. Archived from the original on 29 September 2007. Retrieved 5 February 2007.
2. Plaut, Martin (28 June 2007). "Christians protest over Eritrea". BBC News. Retrieved 12 October 2009.
3. Cooke, Rachel (16 July 2017). "Radio Erena: a beacon of hope for Eritrea". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 August 2017.
4. "Eritrea Hides Ex-Orthodox Head from U.S. Officials". 30 January 2008. Retrieved 6 September 2011.
5. Bishop David (23 July 2019). "Letter to the Eritrean Church". Standing Conference of Oriental Orthodox Churches (published 1 August 2019). Retrieved 2019-08-05.
6. "Former church leader expelled for 'heresy'". BBC. 2019-07-19. Retrieved 2019-08-05.
7. "Patriarch Abune Antonios". United States Commission on International Religious Freedom. 2017-03-13. Retrieved 2019-08-05.

External links

• Restore Patriarch Antonios website

Religious titles
Preceded by Abune Yacob	Patriarch of the Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church 2004–2007 (officially) 2007–present	Succeeded by Abune Dioskoros (2007–2015) (Disputed)