Ruschi's rat

Ruschi's rat
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Rodentia
Family:	Cricetidae
Subfamily:	Sigmodontinae
Genus:	Abrawayaomys; Cunha and Cruz, 1979
Species:	A. ruschii
Binomial name
	Abrawayaomys ruschii; Cunha & Cruz, 1979

Ruschi's rat or Ruschi's spiny mouse (Abrawayaomys ruschii) is a rodent species found in Argentina and Brazil.[2] Some cranial features suggest it may be an archaic relative of the paramo Oldfield mouse (Thomasomys paramorum).[3] The upper parts are greyish yellow with a darker head and yellowish-white underparts. Fine hairs are mixed with flattened and grooved spines that are most numerous on the back.[3]

Taxonomy

This rat was first described by Cunha and Cruz in 1979 and is named in honour of the Brazilian naturalist Augusto Ruschi (1915 - 1986).[4]

Description

A medium-sized rodent, Ruschi's rat has a broad head and rounded ears. Adults have a total length of between 200 and 290 mm (7.9 and 11.4 in), about half of which is the tail. The fur is short and dense. Some of the hairs are slender while others are spiny, especially on the back and rump; each spiny hair is flattened and stiff, with a longitudinal groove, and is broadest in the middle.[5] The fur is agouti (banded in light and dark), and there is little difference in shade between the greyish-yellow upper parts of the animal and the slightly paler underparts.[5]

Distribution

Ruschi's rat is native to eastern South America. The type locality is Espírito Santo in southeastern Brazil, and it is also known from several locations in Misiones Province in northeastern Argentina, and from near Rio de Janeiro and in Santa Catarina State. The precise extent of its range is unknown.[1]

Ecology

This species is poorly known. It has been caught in traps set on the ground so it is probably terrestrial rather than arboreal, and this is borne out by its anatomy. Observations of one individual feeding suggests that the diet is mainly fruits, seeds and foliage.[5]

Status

A. ruschii is found in forests in southeastern Brazil and northern Argentina. Although some of the forest is fragmented, the rat has a wide range and no particular threats have been identified. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed its conservation status as being of least concern.[1]

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References

Pardinas, U.; Teta, P.; Percequillo, A (2016). "Abrawayaomys ruschii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T47760825A22335735. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T47760825A22335735.en.
Musser, G.G.; Carleton, M.D. (2005). "Superfamily Muroidea". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 1088. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
Walker's Mammals of the World (6th Edition, 1999) by Ronald M. Nowak, The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London.
Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2009). The Eponym Dictionary of Mammals. JHU Press. p. 354. ISBN 978-0-8018-9533-3. OCLC 270129903.
Patton, James L.; Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.; D’Elía, Guillermo, eds. (9 March 2015). Mammals of South America, Volume 2: Rodents. University of Chicago Press. pp. 73–75. ISBN 978-0-226-16957-6. OCLC 921432000.

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[iucn-1] Pardinas, U.; Teta, P.; Percequillo, A (2016). "Abrawayaomys ruschii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T47760825A22335735. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T47760825A22335735.en.

[MSW3-2] Musser, G.G.; Carleton, M.D. (2005). "Superfamily Muroidea". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 1088. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.

[Walker-3] Walker's Mammals of the World (6th Edition, 1999) by Ronald M. Nowak, The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London.

[4] Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2009). The Eponym Dictionary of Mammals. JHU Press. p. 354. ISBN 978-0-8018-9533-3. OCLC 270129903.

[Patton-5] Patton, James L.; Pardiñas, Ulyses F. J.; D’Elía, Guillermo, eds. (9 March 2015). Mammals of South America, Volume 2: Rodents. University of Chicago Press. pp. 73–75. ISBN 978-0-226-16957-6. OCLC 921432000.