APOM

Apolipoprotein M is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOM gene.[5][6][7]

APOM
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2WEW, 2WEX, 2YG2
Identifiers
Aliases	APOM, G3a, HSPC336, NG20, apo-M, apolipoprotein M
External IDs	OMIM: 606907 MGI: 1930124 HomoloGene: 10308 GeneCards: APOM
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 6 (human)[1] Band 6p21.33 Start 31,652,416 bp[1] End 31,658,210 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 17 (mouse)[2] Band 17|17 B1 Start 35,128,997 bp[2] End 35,132,050 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • lipid transporter activity • antioxidant activity • phospholipid binding Cellular component • discoidal high-density lipoprotein particle • integral component of plasma membrane • very-low-density lipoprotein particle • spherical high-density lipoprotein particle • extracellular region • low-density lipoprotein particle • high-density lipoprotein particle • extracellular Biological process • lipoprotein metabolic process • lipid transport • negative regulation of plasma lipoprotein oxidation • response to glucose • high-density lipoprotein particle assembly • retinoid metabolic process • high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling • cholesterol efflux • cholesterol homeostasis • reverse cholesterol transport • high-density lipoprotein particle clearance • cellular oxidant detoxification Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	55937	55938
Ensembl	ENSG00000231974 ENSG00000204444 ENSG00000206409 ENSG00000227567 ENSG00000235754 ENSG00000224290 ENSG00000226215	ENSMUSG00000024391
UniProt	O95445	Q9Z1R3
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001256169 NM_019101	NM_018816
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001243098 NP_061974	NP_061286
Location (UCSC)	Chr 6: 31.65 – 31.66 Mb	Chr 17: 35.13 – 35.13 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

ApoM
Identifiers
Symbol	ApoM
Pfam	PF11032
Pfam clan	CL0116
InterPro	IPR022734
Available protein structures: Pfam   structures / ECOD   PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

The protein encoded by this gene is an apolipoprotein and member of the lipocalin protein family. It is found associated with high density lipoproteins and to a lesser extent with low density lipoproteins and triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. The encoded protein is secreted through the plasma membrane but remains membrane-bound, where it is involved in lipid transport. Two transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene, but only one of them has been fully characterized.[7] The average molecular weight is 21253 Da, and the monoisotopic molecular weight is 21239 Da.

References

1. ENSG00000204444, ENSG00000206409, ENSG00000227567, ENSG00000235754, ENSG00000224290, ENSG00000226215 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000231974, ENSG00000204444, ENSG00000206409, ENSG00000227567, ENSG00000235754, ENSG00000224290, ENSG00000226215 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024391 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Xu N, Dahlback B (Dec 1999). "A novel human apolipoprotein (apoM)". J Biol Chem. 274 (44): 31286–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.44.31286. PMID 10531326.
6. Duan J, Dahlback B, Villoutreix BO (Jun 2001). "Proposed lipocalin fold for apolipoprotein M based on bioinformatics and site-directed mutagenesis". FEBS Lett. 499 (1–2): 127–32. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02544-3. PMID 11418126.
7. "Entrez Gene: APOM apolipoprotein M".

Further reading

• Albertella MR, Jones H, Thomson W, et al. (1997). "Localization of eight additional genes in the human major histocompatibility complex, including the gene encoding the casein kinase II beta subunit (CSNK2B)". Genomics. 36 (2): 240–51. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0459. PMID 8812450.
• Xu N, Zhang XY, Dong X, et al. (2002). "Effects of platelet-activating factor, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin-1alpha on the expression of apolipoprotein M in HepG2 cells". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 292 (4): 944–50. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2002.6755. PMID 11944906.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Zhang XY, Dong X, Zheng L, et al. (2003). "Specific tissue expression and cellular localization of human apolipoprotein M as determined by in situ hybridization". Acta Histochem. 105 (1): 67–72. doi:10.1078/0065-1281-00687. PMID 12666989.
• Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, et al. (2003). "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6". Nature. 425 (6960): 805–11. doi:10.1038/nature02055. PMID 14574404.
• Richter S, Shih DQ, Pearson ER, et al. (2004). "Regulation of apolipoprotein M gene expression by MODY3 gene hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha: haploinsufficiency is associated with reduced serum apolipoprotein M levels". Diabetes. 52 (12): 2989–95. doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.12.2989. PMID 14633861.
• Xie T, Rowen L, Aguado B, et al. (2004). "Analysis of the Gene-Dense Major Histocompatibility Complex Class III Region and Its Comparison to Mouse". Genome Res. 13 (12): 2621–36. doi:10.1101/gr.1736803. PMC 403804. PMID 14656967.
• Zhang XY, Jiao GQ, Hurtig M, et al. (2005). "Expression pattern of apolipoprotein M during mouse and human embryogenesis". Acta Histochem. 106 (2): 123–8. doi:10.1016/j.acthis.2003.11.004. PMID 15147633.
• Kabbara A, Payet N, Cottel D, et al. (2004). "Exclusion of CYP46 and APOM as candidate genes for Alzheimer's disease in a French population". Neurosci. Lett. 363 (2): 139–43. doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2004.03.066. PMID 15172102.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Xu N, Nilsson-Ehle P, Ahrén B (2005). "Correlation of apolipoprotein M with leptin and cholesterol in normal and obese subjects". J. Nutr. Biochem. 15 (10): 579–82. doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2004.03.001. PMID 15542348.
• Luo G, Hurtig M, Zhang X, et al. (2005). "Leptin inhibits apolipoprotein M transcription and secretion in human hepatoma cell line, HepG2 cells". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1734 (2): 198–202. doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2005.02.005. PMID 15904876.
• Liu T, Qian WJ, Gritsenko MA, et al. (2006). "Human Plasma N-Glycoproteome Analysis by Immunoaffinity Subtraction, Hydrazide Chemistry, and Mass Spectrometry". J. Proteome Res. 4 (6): 2070–80. doi:10.1021/pr0502065. PMC 1850943. PMID 16335952.
• Niu N, Zhu X, Liu Y, et al. (2007). "Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the proximal promoter region of apolipoprotein M gene (apoM) confer the susceptibility to development of type 2 diabetes in Han Chinese". Diabetes Metab. Res. Rev. 23 (1): 21–5. doi:10.1002/dmrr.641. PMID 16572495.
• Christoffersen C, Nielsen LB, Axler O, et al. (2006). "Isolation and characterization of human apolipoprotein M-containing lipoproteins". J. Lipid Res. 47 (8): 1833–43. doi:10.1194/jlr.M600055-JLR200. PMID 16682745.
• Karlsson H, Lindqvist H, Tagesson C, Lindahl M (2006). "Characterization of apolipoprotein M isoforms in low-density lipoprotein". J. Proteome Res. 5 (10): 2685–90. doi:10.1021/pr060180x. PMID 17022639.
• Xu X, Ye Q, Xu N, et al. (2007). "Effects of ischemia-reperfusion injury on apolipoprotein M expression in the liver". Transplant. Proc. 38 (9): 2769–73. doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.08.133. PMID 17112825.
• Ahnström J, Faber K, Axler O, Dahlbäck B (2007). "Hydrophobic ligand binding properties of the human lipocalin apolipoprotein M". J. Lipid Res. 48 (8): 1754–62. doi:10.1194/jlr.M700103-JLR200. PMID 17525477.

External links

• Applied Research on apoM
• Human APOM genome location and APOM gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
• Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: O95445 (Human Apolipoprotein M) at the PDBe-KB.