AHNAK

Neuroblast differentiation-associated protein AHNAK, also known as desmoyokin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AHNAK gene.[5][6][7] AHNAK was originally identified in 1989 (in bovine muzzle epidermal cells) and named desmoyokin due to its localization pattern (that resembled a yoke) in the desmosomal plaque.[8] AHNAK has been shown to be essential for pseudopod protrusion and cell migration. [9]

AHNAK
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4DRW, 4FTG, 4HRG
Identifiers
Aliases	AHNAK, AHNAKRS, AHNAK nucleoprotein, PM227
External IDs	OMIM: 103390 MGI: 1316648 HomoloGene: 67425 GeneCards: AHNAK
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 11 (human)[1] Band 11q12.3 Start 62,433,542 bp[1] End 62,556,235 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 19 (mouse)[2] Band 19|19 A Start 8,989,284 bp[2] End 9,076,914 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • S100 protein binding • structural molecule activity conferring elasticity • GO:0001948 protein binding • RNA binding • cadherin binding Cellular component • cytoplasm • vesicle • cytosol • membrane • cell-cell contact zone • focal adhesion • cell membrane • lysosomal membrane • actin cytoskeleton • membrane raft • sarcolemma • costamere • extracellular exosome • cell nucleus • T-tubule Biological process • regulation of voltage-gated calcium channel activity • regulation of RNA splicing • protein oligomerization Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	79026	66395
Ensembl	ENSG00000124942	ENSMUSG00000069833
UniProt	Q09666	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001620 NM_024060 NM_001346445 NM_001346446	NM_001039959 NM_001286518 NM_009643 NM_175108
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001333374 NP_001333375 NP_001611 NP_076965	n/a
Location (UCSC)	Chr 11: 62.43 – 62.56 Mb	Chr 19: 8.99 – 9.08 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Interactions

AHNAK has been shown to interact with S100B.[10]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000124942 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000069833 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. James MR, Richard CW, Schott JJ, Yousry C, Clark K, Bell J, Terwilliger JD, Hazan J, Dubay C, Vignal A (September 1994). "A radiation hybrid map of 506 STS markers spanning human chromosome 11". Nature Genetics. 8 (1): 70–6. doi:10.1038/ng0994-70. PMID 7987395.
6. Hohaus A, Person V, Behlke J, Schaper J, Morano I, Haase H (August 2002). "The carboxyl-terminal region of ahnak provides a link between cardiac L-type Ca2+ channels and the actin-based cytoskeleton". FASEB Journal. 16 (10): 1205–16. doi:10.1096/fj.01-0855com. PMID 12153988.
7. "Entrez Gene: AHNAK AHNAK nucleoprotein (desmoyokin)".
8. Hieda Y, Tsukita S, Tsukita S (October 1989). "A new high molecular mass protein showing unique localization in desmosomal plaque". The Journal of Cell Biology. 109 (4 Pt 1): 1511–8. doi:10.1083/jcb.109.4.1511. PMC 2115823. PMID 2677021.
9. Shankar J, Messenberg A, Chan J, Underhill TM, Foster LJ, Nabi IR (May 2010). "Pseudopodial actin dynamics control epithelial-mesenchymal transition in metastatic cancer cells". Cancer Research. 70 (9): 3780–90. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-4439. PMID 20388789.
10. Gentil BJ, Delphin C, Mbele GO, Deloulme JC, Ferro M, Garin J, Baudier J (June 2001). "The giant protein AHNAK is a specific target for the calcium- and zinc-binding S100B protein: potential implications for Ca2+ homeostasis regulation by S100B". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (26): 23253–61. doi:10.1074/jbc.M010655200. PMID 11312263.

Further reading

• Shtivelman E, Cohen FE, Bishop JM (June 1992). "A human gene (AHNAK) encoding an unusually large protein with a 1.2-microns polyionic rod structure". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 89 (12): 5472–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.12.5472. PMC 49314. PMID 1608957.
• Kudoh J, Wang Y, Minoshima S, Hashimoto T, Amagai M, Nishikawa T, Shtivelman E, Bishop JM, Shimizu N (1995). "Localization of the human AHNAK/desmoyokin gene (AHNAK) to chromosome band 11q12 by somatic cell hybrid analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization". Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics. 70 (3–4): 218–20. doi:10.1159/000134037. PMID 7789175.
• Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S, Briones MR, Nagai MA, da Silva W, Zago MA, Bordin S, Costa FF, Goldman GH, Carvalho AF, Matsukuma A, Baia GS, Simpson DH, Brunstein A, de Oliveira PS, Bucher P, Jongeneel CV, O'Hare MJ, Soares F, Brentani RR, Reis LF, de Souza SJ, Simpson AJ (March 2000). "Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 97 (7): 3491–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.7.3491. PMC 16267. PMID 10737800.
• Gentil BJ, Delphin C, Mbele GO, Deloulme JC, Ferro M, Garin J, Baudier J (June 2001). "The giant protein AHNAK is a specific target for the calcium- and zinc-binding S100B protein: potential implications for Ca2+ homeostasis regulation by S100B". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (26): 23253–61. doi:10.1074/jbc.M010655200. PMID 11312263.
• Sussman J, Stokoe D, Ossina N, Shtivelman E (September 2001). "Protein kinase B phosphorylates AHNAK and regulates its subcellular localization". The Journal of Cell Biology. 154 (5): 1019–30. doi:10.1083/jcb.200105121. PMC 2196192. PMID 11535620.
• Wernyj RP, Ewing CM, Isaacs WB (October 2001). "Multiple antibodies to titin immunoreact with AHNAK and localize to the mitotic spindle machinery". Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton. 50 (2): 101–13. doi:10.1002/cm.1044. PMID 11746675.
• Straub BK, Boda J, Kuhn C, Schnoelzer M, Korf U, Kempf T, Spring H, Hatzfeld M, Franke WW (December 2003). "A novel cell-cell junction system: the cortex adhaerens mosaic of lens fiber cells". Journal of Cell Science. 116 (Pt 24): 4985–95. doi:10.1242/jcs.00815. PMID 14625392.
• Haase H, Pagel I, Khalina Y, Zacharzowsky U, Person V, Lutsch G, Petzhold D, Kott M, Schaper J, Morano I (May 2004). "The carboxyl-terminal ahnak domain induces actin bundling and stabilizes muscle contraction". FASEB Journal. 18 (7): 839–41. doi:10.1096/fj.03-0446fje. PMID 15001564.
• Lee IH, You JO, Ha KS, Bae DS, Suh PG, Rhee SG, Bae YS (June 2004). "AHNAK-mediated activation of phospholipase C-gamma1 through protein kinase C". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (25): 26645–53. doi:10.1074/jbc.M311525200. PMID 15033986.
• Stiff T, Shtivelman E, Jeggo P, Kysela B (March 2004). "AHNAK interacts with the DNA ligase IV-XRCC4 complex and stimulates DNA ligase IV-mediated double-stranded ligation". DNA Repair. 3 (3): 245–56. doi:10.1016/j.dnarep.2003.11.001. PMID 15177040.
• Ahn J, Chung KS, Kim DU, Won M, Kim L, Kim KS, Nam M, Choi SJ, Kim HC, Yoon M, Chae SK, Hoe KL (November 2004). "Systematic identification of hepatocellular proteins interacting with NS5A of the hepatitis C virus". Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 37 (6): 741–8. doi:10.5483/bmbrep.2004.37.6.741. PMID 15607035.
• Haase H, Alvarez J, Petzhold D, Doller A, Behlke J, Erdmann J, Hetzer R, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Vassort G, Morano I (December 2005). "Ahnak is critical for cardiac Ca(V)1.2 calcium channel function and its beta-adrenergic regulation". FASEB Journal. 19 (14): 1969–77. doi:10.1096/fj.05-3997com. PMID 16319140.
• Tompkins V, Hagen J, Zediak VP, Quelle DE (March 2006). "Identification of novel ARF binding proteins by two-hybrid screening". Cell Cycle. 5 (6): 641–6. doi:10.4161/cc.5.6.2560. PMID 16582619.
• De Seranno S, Benaud C, Assard N, Khediri S, Gerke V, Baudier J, Delphin C (November 2006). "Identification of an AHNAK binding motif specific for the Annexin2/S100A10 tetramer". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 281 (46): 35030–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M606545200. PMID 16984913.

External links

• Human AHNAK genome location and AHNAK gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.