3,3-Dimethylpentane

3,3-Dimethylpentane
	; Ball-and-Stick model of 3,3-Dimethylpentane
Names
	IUPAC name 3,3-dimethylpentane
Identifiers
CAS Number	562-49-2;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL3188231;
ECHA InfoCard	100.008.392
EC Number	209-230-8;
PubChem CID	11229;
UNII	R1RH0VBD2L;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID0049319 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C7H16/c1-5-7(3,4)6-2/h5-6H2,1-4H3 Key: AEXMKKGTQYQZCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
	SMILES CCC(C)(C)CC;
Properties
Chemical formula	C7H16
Molar mass	100.205 g·mol−1
Hazards
GHS pictograms
GHS Signal word	Danger
GHS hazard statements	H225, H304, H315, H336, H400, H410
GHS precautionary statements	P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P273, P280, P301+310, P302+352, P303+361+353, P304+340, P312, P321, P331, P332+313, P362, P370+378, P391, P403+233, P403+235, P405
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	Infobox references

3,3-Dimethylpentane is one of the isomers of heptane. 3,3-Dimethylpentane has boiling point 86.0 and melting point −134.9°C. Its density is 0.6934. The refractive index is 1.39092 at 20°.[1]

Preparation

A method to produce 3,3-dimethylpentane is to react tert-amyl chloride (CH₃CH₂(CH₃)C₂Cl) with propionaldehyde producing 3,3-dimethylpentan-2-ol. This is then dehydrated to produce 3,3-dimethylpent-2-ene, chich when hydrogenated produces some 3,3-dimethylpentane, but also 2,3-dimethylpentane.[2]

Properties

In 1929 Graham Edgar and George Calingaert made 3,3-dimethylpentane and measured its physical characteristics for the first time. The measurements were at 20°C, not the standard conditions used in later times.[3]

For 3,3-dimethylpentane they measured a density of 0.6934 at 20°C with a rate of change Δd/ΔT of 0.000848. The dielectric constant is 1.940. The refractive index at 20° is 1.39114. The adiabatic compressibility is 0.00011455 and isothermal compressibility is 0.00014513 atmospheres. The velocity of sound is 1.1295 km/s. Coefficient of thermal expansion is 0.002467/°. Surface tension is 19.63 dynes/cm. Viscosity is 0.00454. The heat of combustion is 11470 cal/g which is very similar to other heptanes.[3]

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References

Ferris, S. W. (2018). Handbook of Hydrocarbons. Elsevier. p. 24. ISBN 978-1-4832-7285-6.
Edgar, Graham; Calingaert, George; Marker, R. E. (May 1929). "The Preparation And Properties Of The Isomeric Heptanes. Part I. Preparation". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 51 (5): 1483–1491. doi:10.1021/ja01380a027.
Edgar, Graham; Calingaert, George (May 1929). "The Preparation And Properties Of The Isomeric Heptanes. Part II. Physical Properties". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 51 (5): 1540–1550. doi:10.1021/ja01380a035.

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[1] Ferris, S. W. (2018). Handbook of Hydrocarbons. Elsevier. p. 24. ISBN 978-1-4832-7285-6.

[2] Edgar, Graham; Calingaert, George; Marker, R. E. (May 1929). "The Preparation And Properties Of The Isomeric Heptanes. Part I. Preparation". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 51 (5): 1483–1491. doi:10.1021/ja01380a027.

[ed-3] Edgar, Graham; Calingaert, George (May 1929). "The Preparation And Properties Of The Isomeric Heptanes. Part II. Physical Properties". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 51 (5): 1540–1550. doi:10.1021/ja01380a035.