291st Infantry Regiment (United States)

The 291st Infantry Regiment was a National Army Infantry Regiment first organized for service in World War II as part of the 75th Infantry Division in Europe. Since then it has served as a training Regiment, training Army Reserve and Army National Guard Soldiers for service in support of the Global War on Terror.[1]

291st Infantry Regiment
Regimental Distinctive Unit Insignia
Active	1942–1945 1952–present
Country	USA
Branch	U.S. Army
Role	Infantry
Size	Regiment
Part of	First Army
Motto(s)	"Altaha Abilia" (Always Ready)
Anniversaries	Constituted 24 December 1942 in the National Army
Decorations	Army Superior Unit Award
Battle honours	World War II

U.S. Infantry Regiments
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290th Infantry Regiment	292nd Infantry Regiment

Service history

World War II[2]

The Regiment was ordered into active military service 15 April 1943 and reorganized at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri.[3] The Regiment participated in the Louisiana Maneuvers in January 1944. The Regiment departed Camp Shanks on 22 October 1944 through the New York Port of Embarkation. The Regiment fought across France and Germany, entering Germany on March 10, 1945. In July 1943, the Regiment was organized with 3,256 Officers and enlisted men:[4]

• Headquarters & Headquarters Company- 111
  • Service Company- 114
  • Anti-Tank Company- 165
  • Cannon Company- 118
  • Medical Detachment- 135
• Infantry Battalion (x3)- 871
  • Headquarters & Headquarters Company- 126
  • Rifle Company (x3)- 193
  • Weapons Company- 156

Returning Home

The Regiment departed France and arrived at Camp Patrick Henry and the Hampton Roads Port of Embarkation on November 23, 1945, and inactivated on the same date.[5]

• 
  Welcome Home, Camp Patrick Henry

Post War Service

From March 1, 1952, until April 15, 1997, the Regiment served as a training unit under the 95th Training Division working with other units of the Army Reserve.

Current Assignment

The 1st Battalion is a Regular Army unit assigned to the 181st Infantry Brigade at Fort McCoy, Wisconsin with a mission to train Brigade Support Battalions.

The 2nd Battalion is a Regular Army unit assigned to the 166th Aviation Brigade at Fort Hood, Texas with a mission to train Aviation Battalions.

• 
  1st Battalion supporting JRTC Rotation 16-03 with 3-340th BEB and 1-337th BSB

Campaign streamers[6][7][8]

Conflict	Streamer	Year(s)
World War II	Rhineland	1944-1945
	Ardennes-Alsace	1944-1945
	Central Europe	1945

Decorations[9][10]

Ribbon	Award	Year	Unit	Orders
	Army Superior Unit Award	2008-2011	1st Battalion	Permanent Orders 332-07 announcing award of the Army Superior Unit award
None	Secretary of the Army Superior Unit Certificate	1961-1962	B Company, 1st Battalion	DA GO 15, 9 April 1962
None	Secretary of the Army Superior Unit Certificate	1962-1963	M Company, 3rd Battalion	DA GO 14, 20 March 1963

Shoulder sleeve insignia[11]

* Description: On a background equally divided horizontally white and red, 3¼ inches high and 2½ inches wide at the base and 2⅛ inches wide at top, a black block letter "A", 2¾ inches high, 2 inches wide at the base and 1⅝ inches wide at top, all members 7/16 inch wide, all enclosed within a 1/8 inch Army Green border.

• Symbolism:

1. The red and white of the background are the colors used in flags for Armies.
2. The letter "A" represents "Army" and is also the first letter of the alphabet suggesting "First Army."

• Background:

1. A black letter "A" was approved as the authorized insignia by the Commanding General, American Expeditionary Force, on 16 November 1918 and approved by the War Department on 5 May 1922.
2. The background was added on 17 November 1950.

Distinctive Unit Insignia [12]

• Description/Blazon A Gold color metal and enamel device 1 5/32 inches (2.94 cm) in height overall consisting of a shield blazoned: Gules, on a bend Or an arrow of the field, in sinister chief the head of a Native American warrior of the second dressed with five feathers in scalp lock Sable fimbriated Yellow. Attached below the shield a Gold scroll inscribed "ALTAHA ABILIA" in Black letters.
• Symbolism The five feathers on the Native American's head represent the five Indian tribes of the State of Oklahoma, the state in which the regiment has traditionally been associated. These tribes are Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creeks, and Seminoles. The red arrow is symbolic of the regiment always pointing forward and underlies the unit's motto of "Always Ready." The red background of the shield reflects valor.
• Background The distinctive unit insignia was approved on 1 October 1999.

Coat of arms

• Description/Blazon
  • Shield: Gules, on a bend Or an arrow of the field, in sinister chief the head of Native American warrior of the second dressed with five feathers in scalp lock Sable fimbriated Yellow.
  • Crest: That for regiments and separate battalions of the Army Reserve: From a wreath Or and Gules, the Lexington Minute Man Proper. The statue of the Minute Man, Captain John Parker (H.H. Kitson, sculptor), stands on the common in Lexington, Massachusetts.
  • Motto: ALTAHA ABILIA (Always Ready).
  • Shield: The five feathers on the Native American's head represent the five Indian tribes of the State of Oklahoma, the state in which the regiment has traditionally been associated. These tribes are Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creeks and Seminoles. The red arrow is symbolic of the regiment always pointing forward and underlies the unit's motto of "Always Ready." The red background of the shield reflects valor.
  • Crest: The crest is that of the U.S. Army Reserve.
  • Background : The coat of arms was approved on 1 October 1999

References

1. Infantry organization and History
2. Stanton, Shelby L. (1984). World War II Order of Battle. New York, New York: Galahad Books.
3. World War II Order of Battle, front cover chart
4. Maneuver and Firepower p183
5. Stanton, Shelby L. (1984). World War II Order of Battle. New York, New York: Galahad Books p 239.
6. U.S. Army Center of Military History (CMH). "Listing of the Campaigns of the U.S. Army Displayed on the Army Flag | U.S. Army Center of Military History (CMH)". history.army.mil. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
7. War Department General Order #24 Listing Campaigns
8. http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/regt/0291rgt.htm Regimental Lineage & Honors
9. "CMH". history.army.mil. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
10. "Permanent Order 332-07" (PDF).
11. "First Army insignia page at the Institute of Heraldry". Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 23 May 2017.
12. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 February 2017. Retrieved 23 May 2017.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

External links