1,2-Dichloropropane

1,2-Dichloropropane is an organic compound classified as a chlorocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable liquid with a sweet odor. it is obtained as a byproduct of the production of epichlorohydrin, which is produced on a large scale.[4]

Not to be confused with 1,3-dichloropropane.
1,2-Dichloropropane[1]
Names
IUPAC name
1,2-Dichloropropane
Other names
Propylene dichloride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.001.048
EC Number
  • 201-152-2
KEGG
RTECS number
  • TX9625000
UNII
UN number 1279
Properties
C3H6Cl2
Molar mass 112.98 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless liquid
Odor like chloroform
Density 1.156 g/cm3
Melting point −100 °C (−148 °F; 173 K)
Boiling point 95 to 96 °C (203 to 205 °F; 368 to 369 K)
0.26 g/100 mL (at 20 °C)
Vapor pressure 40 mmHg (20°C)[2]
Hazards
GHS pictograms
GHS Signal word Danger
GHS hazard statements
 H225, H302, H332, H350
P201, P202, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P281, P301+312, P303+361+353, P304+312, P304+340, P308+313, P312, P330, P370+378, P403+235, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
Flammability code 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineHealth code 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformReactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
3
2
0
Flash point 16 °C (61 °F; 289 K)
557 °C (1,035 °F; 830 K)
Explosive limits 3.4%-14.5%[2]
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
860 mg/kg (mouse, oral)
1947 mg/kg (rat, oral)
2000 mg/kg (guinea pig, oral)[3]
2000 ppm (rat, 4 hr)
720 ppm (mouse, 10 hr)
2980 ppm (rat, 8 hr)[3]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 75 ppm (350 mg/m3)[2]
REL (Recommended)
 Ca[2]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 Ca [400 ppm][2]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Uses

1,2-Dichloropropane is an intermediate in the production of perchloroethylene and other chlorinated chemicals.[4] It was once used as a soil fumigant, chemical intermediate, as well as an industrial solvent and was found in paint strippers, varnishes, and furniture finish removers but some of these uses have been discontinued.[5]

Carcinogenity

Following several cases of bile duct cancer among Japanese printing firm employees, an investigation by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare concluded in March 2013 that these cases were likely due to the use of cleaning agents containing 1,2-dichloropropane. Thus, there is reasonable evidence that 1,2-dichloropropane may be a carcinogen.[6][7]

Data from animal studies show tumor growth in the liver and mammary glands.[8] Further animal studies involving inhalation toxicity data has caused the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health to classify 1,2-dichloropropane as a carcinogen and IDLH.[9]

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References
  1. 1,2-Dichloropropane at Sigma-Aldrich
  2. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0534". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  3. "Propylene dichloride". Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  4. Manfred Rossberg, Wilhelm Lendle, Gerhard Pfleiderer, Adolf Tögel, Eberhard-Ludwig Dreher, Ernst Langer, Heinz Rassaerts, Peter Kleinschmidt, Heinz Strack, Richard Cook, Uwe Beck, Karl-August Lipper, Theodore R. Torkelson, Eckhard Löser, Klaus K. Beutel, Trevor Mann "Chlorinated Hydrocarbons" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2006, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a06_233.pub2.
  5. "ToxFAQs for 1,2-Dichloropropane". Archived from the original on 2017-10-09. Retrieved 2010-06-16.
  6. Report by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
  7. Article in the Yomiuri Shinbun
  8. CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
  9. Documentation for Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs)
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