1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane is a chlorinated derivative of ethane. It has the highest solvent power of any chlorinated hydrocarbon.[1] As a refrigerant, it is used under the name R-130.

"R130" redirects here. For the road, see Route 130. For the subway car, see R110A (New York City Subway car).
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane[1]
Names
IUPAC name
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Other names
s-Tetrachloroethane
Acetylene tetrachloride
R-130
TeCA
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.001.089
KEGG
UNII
Properties
C2H2Cl4
Molar mass 167.848 g/mol
Appearance Colorless to pale yellow liquid[2]
Odor pungent, chloroform-like[2]
Density 1.59 g/cm3
Melting point −44 °C (−47 °F; 229 K)
Boiling point 146.5 °C (295.7 °F; 419.6 K)
1 g/350 mL
Vapor pressure 5 mmHg (20°C)[2]
-89.8·10−6 cm3/mol
Hazards
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
1000 ppm (rat, 4 hr)[3]
1000 ppm (rat, 4 hr)
643 ppm (mouse, 2 hr)
2714 ppm (cat, 45 min)[3]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 5 ppm (35 mg/m3) [skin][2]
REL (Recommended)
 Ca TWA 1 ppm (7 mg/m3) [skin][2]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 Ca [100 ppm][2]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

It was once widely used as a solvent and as an intermediate in the industrial production of trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, and 1,2-dichloroethylene.[4] However, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane is no longer used much in the United States due to concerns about its toxicity.[5]

Chronic inhalation exposure in humans results in jaundice and an enlarged liver, headaches, tremors, dizziness, numbness, and drowsiness. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has classified it as a Group C possible human carcinogen.[5]

For occupational exposure limits, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration has set a permissible exposure limit for dermal exposures at 5 ppm over an eight-hour time-weighted average. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health has a more protective recommended exposure limit for dermal exposures at 1 ppm over an eight-hour time-weighted average.[6]

See also

References
  1. Merck Index, 11th Edition, 9125.
  2. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0598". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  3. "1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane". Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  4. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Toxicological Profile for 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane (Update). U.S. Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA. 1996.
  5. Tetrachloroethane at U.S. EPA
  6. CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards

5.westron is a non-inflammable liquid and is used as solvent

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