Ḍíyáʼu'lláh

Ḍíyáʼu'lláh (ضياء الله, alternate spelling: Zíyáʼu'lláh) (15 August 1864 - 30 October 1898) was one of the sons of Baháʼu'lláh. He was the second son of his father's second wife Fatimih (also known as Mahd-i-'Ulya). He was born in Edirne (modern day Adrianople).[1][2]

Ḍíyáʼu'lláh
Born15 August 1864
Edirne (modern day Adrianople)
Died30 October 1898(1898-10-30) (aged 34)

Baháʼu'lláh gave the title Ghusn-i-Athar (meaning "Most Pure Branch" or "Purer Branch") to his son Mírzá Mihdí.[3] After Mírzá Mihdí's death in 1870, Baháʼu'lláh gave the same title to his other son Ḍíyáʼu'lláh,[4] but this is not confirmed by Baháʼí sources.[3][5]

He swayed between his two brothers, ʻAbdu'l-Bahá and Muhammad ʻAlí, in their argument. He married Thurayyá Samandarí, daughter of Shaykh Kázim-i-Samandar and sister of Tarázʼu'lláh Samandarí, a Hand of the Cause of God. The marriage was childless. Ḍíyáʼu'lláh died on 30 October 1898 in Haifa Palestine, and was posthumously labeled a Covenant-breaker.[6][7]

After his death in 1898, Ḍíyáʼu'lláh was initially buried next to his father at the Shrine of Baháʼu'lláh at the Mansion of Bahjí. However, having been declared a Covenant-breaker, Ḍíyáʼu'lláh's remains were disinterred in 1965 in a process the Universal House of Justice described as a "purification... from past contamination."[8]

Notes
  1. Smith 2000, pp. 261–262
  2. Balyuzi 2001, pp. 222
  3. Smith, Peter (2000). "Aghsán". A concise encyclopedia of the Baháʼí Faith. Oxford: Oneworld Publications. pp. 30. ISBN 1-85168-184-1.
  4. Behai, Shua Ullah (December 5, 2014). Stetson, Eric (ed.). A Lost History of the Bahaʼi Faith: The Progressive Tradition of Bahaʼu'llah's Forgotten Family. Vox Humri Media. p. 261. ISBN 978-0692331354. Archived from the original on September 27, 2016.
  5. Taherzadeh, A. (1992). The Covenant of Baháʼu'lláh. Oxford, UK: George Ronald. ISBN 0-85398-344-5.
  6. Taherzadeh 2000, p. 145
  7. Balyuzi 2001, p. 528
  8. Marks, Geoffry W., ed. (1996). Messages from the Universal House of Justice 1963-86: The Third Epoch of the Formative Age. Baha'i Publishing Trust. p. 66. ISBN 978-0877432395.
gollark: It's a shame we can't just set up "test civilizations" somewhere and see how well each thing works.
gollark: I mean. Maybe it could work in small groups. But small tribe-type setups scale poorly.
gollark: 1. Is that seriously how you read what I was saying? I was saying: fix our minds' weird ingroup/outgroup division.2. That is very vague and does not sound like it could actually work.
gollark: I'm pretty sure we *have* done the ingroup/outgroup thing for... forever. And... probably the solutions are something like transhumanist mind editing, or some bizarre exotic social thing I can't figure out yet.
gollark: I mean that humans are bad in that we randomly divide ourselves into groups then fiercely define ourselves by them, exhibit a crazy amount of exciting different types of flawed reasoning for no good reason, get caught up in complex social signalling games, come up with conclusions then rationalize our way to a vaguely sensible-looking justification, sometimes seemingly refuse to be capable of abstract thought when it's politically convenient, that sort of thing.

References
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