Ōnishiki Uichirō
Ōnishiki Uichirō (Japanese: 大錦 卯一郎, November 25, 1891 – May 13, 1941) was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler. He was the sport's 26th yokozuna. On November 2, 1922, he became the first yokozuna to perform the yokozuna dohyō-iri at the Meiji Shrine.[1]
| Ōnishiki Uichirō | |
|---|---|
| 大錦 卯一郎 | |
 Ōnishiki, circa 1917 | |
| Personal information | |
| Born | Hosokawa Uichirō November 25, 1891 Chūō-ku, Osaka, Japan |
| Died | May 13, 1941 (aged 49) |
| Height | 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) |
| Weight | 139 kg (306 lb) |
| Career | |
| Stable | Dewanoumi |
| Record | 119-16-32-3draws (Makuuchi) |
| Debut | January, 1910 |
| Highest rank | Yokozuna (May, 1917) |
| Retired | January, 1923 |
| Championships | 5 (Makuuchi) 1 (Jūryō) 1 (Jonidan) |
| * Up to date as of September 2007. | |
Biography
He was born Hosokawa Uichirō (細川 卯一郎), in Osaka on November 25, 1891.
Ōnishiki trained under former yokozuna Hitachiyama Taniemon, joining his Dewanoumi stable.[2] He was promoted to the top makuuchi division in January 1915. After finishing the May 1915 tournament with a 9–1 record at the komusubi rank, he was promoted to ōzeki. He won his first yūshō or championship with a perfect 10–0 record in the January 1917 tournament and was promoted to yokozuna. He reached the top yokozuna rank after only five tournaments, which is the all-time record.
He lost only 16 bouts in his entire career. He won five top division tournament championships and was runner-up in four others. He was very smart in comparison with most sumo wrestlers of his era, and so he was very strong and recorded the high winning percentage of 88.1. He also recorded only three draws.
However, his career suddenly ended. In January 1923, sumo wrestlers went on strike against the Tokyo Sumo Association. The walkout is called the Mikawajima Incident (三河島事件, Mikawajima-Jiken). Ōnishiki attempted to mediate, but failed.[3] After police intervention, the striking wrestlers achieved their demands of better retirement pay. Because he felt responsibility for the incident, Ōnishiki retired from being an active sumo wrestler and left the sumo world. He was critical about tradition in the sumo world.
After his retirement, he entered Waseda University. After the graduation, he worked at the Hochi Shimbun as a sumo essayist. He died on May 13, 1941.
Top Division Record
| - | Spring | Summer | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1915 | East Maegashira #12 8–1–1 |
East Komusubi 9–1 |
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| 1916 | East Ōzeki 8–2 |
East Ōzeki 7–3 |
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| 1917 | West Ōzeki 10–0 |
West Yokozuna 9–1 |
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| 1918 | East Yokozuna 8–1–1 |
Sat out | ||||
| 1919 | East Yokozuna 8–2 |
East Yokozuna 8–2 |
||||
| 1920 | East Yokozuna 8–1 1d |
West Yokozuna 9–1 |
||||
| 1921 | West Yokozuna 10–0 |
East Yokozuna 9–0 1d |
||||
| 1922 | Sat out | West Yokozuna #1 8–1 1d |
||||
| 1923 | East Yokozuna Retired 0–0 |
|||||
| Record given as win-loss-absent Top Division Champion Top Division Runner-up Retired Lower Divisions Key:d=Draw(s) (引分); h=Hold(s) (預り) | ||||||
See also
References
- 手数入り（横綱土俵入り）いつから始まったのですか？ (in Japanese). Meiji Shrine. Retrieved 2008-11-24.
- Journal of Combative Sport: Sumo by Title
- Newton, Clyde (1994). Dynamic Sumo. Kodansha. p. 58. ISBN 4-7700-1802-9.
- "Onishiki Uichiro". Sumo Reference. Retrieved 2007-10-10.
| Preceded by Nishinoumi Kajirō II |
26th Yokozuna 1917–1923 |
Succeeded by Tochigiyama Moriya | ||
| Yokozuna is not a successive rank, and more than one wrestler can hold the title at once | ||||
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